We kept the open water for a hundred miles, passing many bergs but encountering no pack.  Two very large whales, probably blue whales, came up close to the ship, and we saw spouts in all directions.  Open water inside the pack in that latitude might have the appeal of sanctuary to the whales, which are harried by man farther north.  The run southward in blue water, with a path clear ahead and the miles falling away behind us, was a joyful experience after the long struggle through the ice-lanes.  But, like other good things, our spell of free movement had to end.  The ‘Endurance’ encountered the ice again at 1 a.m. on the 10th.  Loose pack stretched to east and south, with open water to the west and a good watersky.  It consisted partly of heavy hummocky ice showing evidence of great pressure, but contained also many thick, flat floes evidently formed in some sheltered bay and never subjected to pressure or to much motion.  The swirl of the ship’s wash brought diatomaceous scum from the sides of this ice.  The water became thick with diatoms at 9 a.m., and I ordered a cast to be made.  No bottom was found at 210 fathoms.  The ‘Endurance’ continued to advance southward through loose pack that morning.  We saw the spouts of numerous whales and noticed some hundreds of crab-eaters lying on the floes.  White-rumped terns, Antarctic petrels and snow petrels were numerous, and there was a colony of adelies on a low berg.  A few killer-whales, with their characteristic high dorsal fin, also came in view.  The noon position was lat. 72° 02´ S., long. 16° 07´ W., and the run for the twenty-four hours had been 136 miles S. 6° E.

We were now in the vicinity of the land discovered by Dr. W. S. Bruce, leader of the ‘Scotia’ Expedition, in 1904, and named by him Coats’ Land.  Dr. Bruce encountered an ice-barrier in lat. 72° 18´ S., long. 10° W., stretching from north-east to south-west.  He followed the barrier-edge to the south-west for 150 miles and reached lat. 74° 1´ S., long. 22° W. He saw no naked rock, but his description of rising slopes of snow and ice, with shoaling water off the barrier-wall, indicated clearly the presence of land.  It was up those slopes, at a point as far south as possible, that I planned to begin the march across the Antarctic continent.  All hands were watching now for the coast described by Dr. Bruce, and at 5 p.m. the look-out reported an appearance of land to the south-south-east.  We could see a gentle snow-slope rising to a height of about one thousand feet.  It seemed to be an island or a peninsula with a sound on its south side, and the position of its most northerly point was about 72° 34´ S., 16° 40´ W. The ‘Endurance’ was passing through heavy loose pack, and shortly before midnight she broke into a lead of open sea along a barrier-edge.  A sounding within one cable’s length of the barrier-edge gave no bottom with 210 fathoms of line.  The barrier was 70 ft. high, with cliffs of about 40 ft.  The ‘Scotia’ must have passed this point when pushing to Bruce’s farthest south on March 6, 1904, and I knew from the narrative of that voyage, as well as from our own observation, that the coast trended away to the south-west.  The lead of open water continued along the barrier-edge, and we pushed forward without delay.