and soon became quite bald in appearance.  The moving of the boulders was weary and painful work.  We came to know every one of the stones by sight and touch, and I have vivid memories of their angular peculiarities even to-day.  They might have been of considerable interest as geological specimens to a scientific man under happier conditions.  As ballast they were useful.  As weights to be moved about in cramped quarters they were simply appalling.  They spared no portion of our poor bodies.  Another of our troubles, worth mention here, was the chafing of our legs by our wet clothes, which had not been changed now for seven months.  The insides of our thighs were rubbed raw, and the one tube of Hazeline cream in our medicine-chest did not go far in alleviating our pain, which was increased by the bite of the salt water.  We thought at the time that we never slept.  The fact was that we would doze off uncomfortably, to be aroused quickly by some new ache or another call to effort.  My own share of the general unpleasantness was accentuated by a finely developed bout of sciatica.  I had become possessor of this originally on the floe several months earlier.

Our meals were regular in spite of the gales.  Attention to this point was essential, since the conditions of the voyage made increasing calls upon our vitality.  Breakfast, at 8 a.m., consisted of a pannikin of hot hoosh made from Bovril sledging ration, two biscuits, and some lumps of sugar.  Lunch came at 1 p.m., and comprised Bovril sledging ration, eaten raw, and a pannikin of hot milk for each man.  Tea, at 5 p.m., had the same menu.  Then during the night we had a hot drink, generally of milk.  The meals were the bright beacons in those cold and stormy days.  The glow of warmth and comfort produced by the food and drink made optimists of us all.  We had two tins of Virol, which we were keeping for an emergency; but, finding ourselves in need of an oil-lamp to eke out our supply of candles, we emptied one of the tins in the manner that most appealed to us, and fitted it with a wick made by shredding a bit of canvas.  When this lamp was filled with oil it gave a certain amount of light, though it was easily blown out, and was of great assistance to us at night.  We were fairly well off as regarded fuel, since we had 6½ gallons of petroleum.

A severe south-westerly gale on the fourth day out forced us to heave to.  I would have liked to have run before the wind, but the sea was very high and the ‘James Caird’ was in danger of broaching to and swamping.  The delay was vexatious, since up to that time we had been making sixty or seventy miles a day, good going with our limited sail area.  We hove to under double-reefed mainsail and our little jigger, and waited for the gale to blow itself out.  During that afternoon we saw bits of wreckage, the remains probably of some unfortunate vessel that had failed to weather the strong gales south of Cape Horn.  The weather conditions did