before we crawled into our tents.  The snow had made it impossible for us to find the tide-line and we were uncertain how far the sea was going to encroach upon our beach.  I pitched my tent on the seaward side of the camp so that I might have early warning of danger, and, sure enough, about 2 a.m. a little wave forced its way under the tent-cloth.  This was a practical demonstration that we had not gone far enough back from the sea, but in the semi-darkness it was difficult to see where we could find safety.  Perhaps it was fortunate that experience had inured us to the unpleasantness of sudden forced changes of camp.  We took down the tents and re-pitched them close against the high rocks at the seaward end of the spit, where large boulders made an uncomfortable resting-place.  Snow was falling heavily.  Then all hands had to assist in pulling the boats farther up the beach, and at this task we suffered a serious misfortune.  Two of our four bags of clothing had been placed under the bilge of the ‘James Caird’, and before we realized the danger a wave had lifted the boat and carried the two bags back into the surf.  We had no chance of recovering them.  This accident did not complete the tale of the night’s misfortunes.  The big eight-man tent was blown to pieces in the early morning.  Some of the men who had occupied it took refuge in other tents, but several remained in their sleeping-bags under the fragments of cloth until it was time to turn out.

A southerly gale was blowing on the morning of April 18 and the drifting snow was covering everything.  The outlook was cheerless indeed, but much work had to be done and we could not yield to the desire to remain in the sleeping-bags.  Some sea-elephants were lying about the beach above high-water mark, and we killed several of the younger ones for their meat and blubber.  The big tent could not be replaced, and in order to provide shelter for the men we turned the ‘Dudley Docker’ upside down and wedged up the weather side with boulders.  We also lashed the painter and stern-rope round the heaviest rocks we could find, so as to guard against the danger of the boat being moved by the wind.  The two bags of clothing were bobbing about amid the brash and glacier-ice to the windward side of the spit, and it did not seem possible to reach them.  The gale continued all day, and the fine drift from the surface of the glacier was added to the big flakes of snow falling from the sky.  I made a careful examination of the spit with the object of ascertaining its possibilities as a camping-ground.  Apparently, some of the beach lay above high-water mark and the rocks that stood above the shingle gave a measure of shelter.  It would be possible to mount the snow-slope towards the glacier in fine weather, but I did not push my exploration in that direction during the gale.  At the seaward end of the spit was the mass of rock already mentioned.  A few thousand ringed penguins, with some gentoos, were on these rocks, and we had