How many myriads of years have passed since the germs of life first made appearance on earth none can tell; how many thousands of summers and winters it has taken to develop itself into higher animals, no scientist can calculate exactly.  Slowly but steadily it has taken its swerving course, and ascending stop by step the series of evolution, has reached at length the plane of the rational animal.  We cannot tell how many billions of years it takes to develop ourselves and become beings higher than man himself, yet we firmly believe that it is possible for us to take the same unerring course as the organic germs took in the past.  Existing humanity is not the same as primitive one.  It is quite another race.  Our desires and hopes are entirely different from those of primitive man.  What was gold for them is now iron for us.  Our thoughts and beliefs are what they never dreamed of.  Of our knowledge they had almost none.  That which they kept in veneration we trample under our feet.  Things they worshipped as deities now serve us as our slaves.  Things that troubled and tortured them we now turn into utilities.  To say nothing of the customs and manners and mode of living which underwent extraordinary change, we are of a race in body and mind other than the primitive forefathers of good old days.  In addition to this we have every reason to believe in the betterment of life.  Let us cast a glance to the existing state of the world.  While the Turco-Italian war was raising its ferocious outcry, the Chinese revolution lifted its head before the trembling throne.  Who can tell whether another sanguinary affair will not break out before the Bulgarian bloodshed comes to an end?  Still we believe that, as fire drives out fire, to borrow Shakespeare’s phrase, so war is driving out war.  As an ocean, which separated two nations in the past, serves to unite them now, so a war, which separated two people in the past, brings them to unity now.  It goes without saying, that every nation groans under the burden of cannons and warships, and heartily desires peace.  No nation can willingly wage war against any other nation.  It is against the national conscience.  It is no exaggeration to say the world is wholly the ear to hear the news from the goddess of peace.  A time will surely come, if our purpose be steady and our resolution firm, when universal peace will be restored, and Shakya Muni’s precept, ‘not to kill,’ will be realized by all mankind.

21.  The Betterment of Life.

Again, people nowadays seem to feel keenly the wound of the economical results of war, but they are unfeeling to its moral injuries.  As elements have their affinities, as bodies have their attractions, as creatures have their instinct to live together, so men have their inborn mutual love.  ’God divided man into men that they might help each other.’  Their strength lies in their mutual help, their pleasure is in their mutual love, and their perfection is in their giving and receiving of alternate good.  Therefore Shakya Muni says:  “Be merciful to all living beings.”  To take up arms against any other person is unlawful for any individual.  It is the violation of the universal law of life.