He doubtless thought himself ill-used in that he lacked the wealth which was needed to accomplish his ambitions at court.  But if fortune frowned upon him at Versailles, she made full compensation by granting him the opportunity to govern Canada a second time.  As he advanced in years his higher qualities became more conspicuous.  His vision cleared.  His vanities fell away.  There remained traces of the old petulance; but with graver duties his stature increased and the strong fibre of his nature was disclosed.  For his foibles he had suffered much throughout his whole life.  But beneath the foibles lay courage and resolve.  It was his reward that in the hour of trial, when upon his shoulders rested the fate of France in America, he was not found wanting.

BIBLIOGRAPHICAL NOTE

Of the literature on Frontenac and his period the greater part is in French.  The books in English to which attention may be specially called are: 

   Parkman, Francis:  ’Count Frontenac and New France
   under Louis XIV.’

   Le Sueur, William Dawson:  ‘Count Frontenac’ in the
   ‘Makers of Canada’ series.

   Winsor, Justin:  ‘Cartier to Frontenac.’

   Stewart, George:  ‘Frontenac and his Times’ in the
   ‘Narrative and Critical History of America,’ edited
   by Justin Winsor, vol. iv.

In French the most important works are: 

   Lorin, Henri:  ‘Le Comte de Frontenac.’

   Myrand, Ernest:  ’Frontenac et ses Amis; Phips devant
   Quebec.’

   Rochemonteix, Le Pere Camille de:  ’Les Jesuites et la
   Nouvelle France,’ vol. iii.

   Gosselin, L’Abbe:  ‘La Vie de Mgr Laval.’

   Sulte, B.:  ‘Histoire des Canadiens-Francais.’

   Ferland, L’Abbe:  ‘Cours d’Histoire du Canada.’

   Faillon, L’Abbe:  ’Histoire de la Colonie Francaise en
   Canada,’ vol. iii.

   Gagnon, Ernest:  ‘Le Fort et le Chateau Saint-Louis.’

   Garneau, F.-X.:  ‘Histoire du Canada,’ edited by Hector
   Garneau.

Among the original sources for this period the following are likely to be found in any large library: 

   ‘Jugements et Deliberations du Conseil Souverain.’

   ‘Edits et Ordonnances.’

   ‘Relations des Jesuites.’  Ed. Thwaites.

   ’Memoires et Documents pour servir a l’histoire des
   origines francaises des pays d’outre-mer,’
   ed.  P. Margry.

   ‘Les Lettres de La Hontan.’

   ’Histoire de l’Hotel-Dieu de Quebec, par la mere
   Juchereau de Saint-Denis.’