inhabitants.  He and his whole band were, however, taken prisoners by the citizens under the leadership of Pierre Rougon.  He was assisted to escape by Madame Felicite Rougon, who promised him a sum of money on condition that he would bring about an attack on the Town Hall by the Republicans.  He did so the same night, and an ambush having been prepared by the Rougons, a number of lives were sacrificed.  He thereafter left the country.  La Fortune des Rougon.

Some time afterwards he returned to France, and bought a small house at Les Tulettes, about three leagues from Plassans.  He fitted up his establishment by degrees, and even became possessed of a horse and trap.  Where the money came from no one knew, but it was believed that his brother Pierre Rougon was keeping him.  Notwithstanding this, he had great ill-will towards the Rougons, and lost no opportunity of annoying them.  Partly with this object, and partly at the instigation of Abbe Fenil, who wished to be revenged on Abbe Faujas, he contrived the escape of Francois Mouret from the asylum at Les Tulettes; as result, Mouret returned to Plassans, and setting fire to his house, caused the death of Abbe Faujas, himself perishing in the flames.  La Conquete de Plassans.

Macquart lived to an old age at Les Tulettes, though he increasingly gave way to drunkenness.  His relations with the Rougons were friendly, but he was hated by Felicite on account of his knowledge of the origin of the family fortune.  At eighty-four years of age he was still healthy, but his flesh was so saturated with alcohol that it seemed to be preserved by it.  One day, as he was sitting helpless with drink and smoking his pipe, he set fire to his clothes, and his body, soaked as it was with ardent spirits, was burned to the last bone.  Felicite Rougon chanced to enter the house just as the conflagration began, but she did nothing to stop it, and went silently away.  The combustion was so complete that there was nothing left to bury, and the family had to content itself with having masses said for the repose of the dead.  When Macquart’s will was opened, it was found that he had left all his money for the erection of a magnificent tomb for himself, with weeping angels at the head and foot.  Le Docteur Pascal.

MACQUART (MADAME ANTOINE), wife of the preceding.  See Josephine Gavaudan.

MACQUART (GERVAISE), born 1828, was a daughter of Antoine Macquart, and was slightly lame from birth.  She was apprenticed to a laundress, but at an early age had two children to a journeyman tanner named Lantier.[*]

Soon after the death of her mother, in 1850, she ran off to Paris with Lantier and her children, Claude, a boy of eight, and Etienne, aged four.  La Fortune des Rougon.