Pending action by the Congress on the broader aspects of national service, I recommend that the Congress immediately enact legislation which will be effective in using the services of the 4,000,000 men now classified as IV-F in whatever capacity is best for the war effort.

In the field of foreign policy, we propose to stand together with the United Nations not for the war alone but for the victory for which the war is fought.

It is not only a common danger which unites us but a common hope.  Ours is an association not of Governments but of peoples—­and the peoples’ hope is peace.  Here, as in England; in England, as in Russia; in Russia, as in China; in France, and through the continent of Europe, and throughout the world; wherever men love freedom, the hope and purpose of the people are for peace—­a peace that is durable and secure.

It will not be easy to create this peoples’ peace.  We delude ourselves if we believe that the surrender of the armies of our enemies will make the peace we long for.  The unconditional surrender of the armies of our enemies is the first and necessary step—­but the first step only.

We have seen already, in areas liberated from the Nazi and the Fascist tyranny, what problems peace will bring.  And we delude ourselves if we attempt to believe wishfully that all these problems can be solved overnight.

The firm foundation can be built—­and it will be built.  But the continuance and assurance of a living peace must, in the long run, be the work of the people themselves.

We ourselves, like all peoples who have gone through the difficult processes of liberation and adjustment, know of our own experience how great the difficulties can be.  We know that they are not difficulties peculiar to any continent or any Nation.  Our own Revolutionary War left behind it, in the words of one American historian, “an eddy of lawlessness and disregard of human life.”  There were separatist movements of one kind or another in Vermont, Pennsylvania, Virginia, Tennessee, Kentucky, and Maine.  There were insurrections, open or threatened, in Massachusetts and New Hampshire.  These difficulties we worked out for ourselves as the peoples of the liberated areas of Europe, faced with complex problems of adjustment, will work out their difficulties for themselves.

Peace can be made and kept only by the united determination of free and peace-loving peoples who are willing to work together—­willing to help one another—­willing to respect and tolerate and try to understand one another’s opinions and feelings.

The nearer we come to vanquishing our enemies the more we inevitably become conscious of differences among the victors.

We must not let those differences divide us and blind us to our more important common and continuing interests in winning the war and building the peace.

International cooperation on which enduring peace must be based is not a one-way street.