which probably belong to the system of the Mackenzie.  Mr. Calvert and Charley accompanied me in an excursion to the W.N.W., but, having crossed some ridges and coming to scrub, we took a direction to the northward.  Fine Bastard-box flats and Ironbark slopes occupy the upper part of Newman’s Creek.  On the ridges, we observed Persoonia with long falcate leaves; the grass-tree (Xanthorrhaea); the rusty gum, and the Melaleuca of Mount Stewart.  Having ascended the sandstone ridge at the head of Newman’s Creek, we found ourselves on a table land out of which rose the peaks for which we were steering, and from which we were separated by fine downs, plains, and a lightly timbered country, with belts of narrow-leaved Ironbark growing on a sandy soil.  On one of the plains quartzite cropped out; and silex and fossil wood lay scattered over the rich black soil:  the latter broke readily, like asbestos, into the finest filaments, much resembling the fossil wood of Van Diemen’s Land.  It is difficult to describe the impressions which the range of noble peaks, rising suddenly out of a comparatively level country, made upon us.  We had travelled so much in a monotonous forest land, with only now and then a glimpse of distant ranges through the occasional clearings in the dismal scrub, that any change was cheering.  Here an entirely open country—­covered with grass, and apparently unbounded to the westward; now ascending, first, in fine ranges, and forming a succession of almost isolated, gigantic, conical, and dome-topped mountains, which seemed to rest with a flat unbroken base on the plain below—­was spread before our delighted eyes.  The sudden alteration of the scene, therefore, inspired us with feelings that I cannot attempt to describe.  Proceeding onwards we passed some water-holes; but, farther on, the water failed, except here and there in a few pools, in the creeks coming from the range, that had been filled by the last thunder-showers.  These pools were generally lined with patches of a narrow-leaved tea tree; and were full of basaltic pebbles.

The breeze set in full and strong, as usual, at a quarter past eight o’clock; the night was bright and cool, and the following morning inexpressibly beautiful.

We enjoyed a dish of cockatoos for supper:  the place abounds with them.

Jan. 27.—­Charley went back to bring forward our party, whilst I proceeded with Mr. Calvert to reconnoitre the plains under the peaks, feeling confident of finding water at their foot.  We passed over plains and lightly-timbered basaltic ridges, between which shallow creeks came down from the range, but we only found water in one or two holes.  The plains in the neighbourhood of our intended camp were richly grassed; and a species of Hypoxis and the native Borage (Trichodesma zeylanica, R. Br.) adorned them with their bright yellow and blue blossoms.  Farther on, however, the grass had been burnt, and was not yet recovered.  As the day advanced, and the black soil became heated by the almost vertical sun, the heat from above and from below became almost insupportable.