216

Recapitulation.

Number of arrivals from

St. Louis

212

Fulton City

28

Galena and Dunleith

228

Dubuque

135

Minnesota River

216

head of Lake Pepin

18

——­

Whole number of boats, 78. 
Whole number of arrivals, 837

“It will be seen from the above, that ten more steamers have been engaged in this trade during the present year than last; while in the whole number of arrivals the increase has been two hundred and sixty-seven.

“The business on the Minnesota has greatly increased this year.  This was to have been expected, considering the great increase in the population of that flourishing portion of our Territory.

“A thriving trade has sprung up between the southern counties of Minnesota, and Galena and Dubuque.  During the greater portion of the summer, the War Eagle and Tishimingo run regularly to Winona.

“On the Upper Mississippi there are now three steamers, the Gov.  Ramsay, H. M. Rice, and North Star (new).  Daring the season these boats ran between St. Anthony and Sauk Rapids.”]
                               _______

It may be well to pause here a moment and inquire into the causes which contribute so wonderfully to build up empire in our north-western domain.  The territorial system of the United States has some analogy, it is true, to the colonial system of Great Britain—­ not the colonial system which existed in the days of the stamp act—­ but that which a wiser statesmanship has more recently inaugurated.  The relation between the general government and our territories is like that of guardian and ward—­ the relation of a protector, not that of a master.  Nor can we find in the history of antiquity any such relationship between colonies and the mother country, whether we consider the system of Phoenicia, where first was exhibited the doctrine of non-intervention, or the tribute-paying colonies of Carthage.  That system which was peculiar to Greece, “resting not on state contrivances and economical theories, but on religious sympathies and ancestral associations,” came as near perhaps in spirit to ours as any on record.  The patronage which the government bestows on new territories is one of the sources of their growth which ought not to be overlooked.  Instead of making the territory a dependency and drawing from it a tax, the government pays its political expenses, builds its roads, and gives it a fair start in the world.