utensil that ever had water in it, is surprising and most annoying, but teaching us by most persuasive reasons how akin they are to human things.  We had one small water-bag hung in a tree.  I did not think of this just at the moment, when my mare came straight up to it and took it in her teeth, forcing out the cork and sending the water up, which we were both dying to drink, in a beautiful jet, which, descending to earth, was irrevocably lost.  We now had only a pint or two left.  Gibson was now very sorry he had exchanged Badger for the cob, as he found the cob very dull and heavy to get on; this was not usual, for he was generally a most willing animal, but he would only go at a jog while my mare was a fine walker.  There had been a hot wind from the north all day.  The following morning (23rd) there was a most strange dampness in the air, and I had a vague feeling, such as must have been felt by augurs, and seers of old, who trembled as they told, events to come; for this was the last day on which I ever saw Gibson.  It was a lamentable day in the history of this expedition.  The horizon to the west was hid in clouds.  We left the camp even before daylight, and as we had camped on the top of a rim, we knew we had seven or eight miles to go before another view could be obtained.  The next rim was at least ten miles from the camp, and there was some slight indications of a change.

(Illustration:  First view of the Alfred and Marie range.)

We were now ninety miles from the Circus water, and 110 from Fort McKellar.  The horizon to the west was still obstructed by another rise three or four miles away; but to the west-north-west I could see a line of low stony ridges, ten miles off.  To the south was an isolated little hill, six or seven miles away.  I determined to go to the ridges, when Gibson complained that his horse could never reach them, and suggested that the next rise to the west might reveal something better in front.  The ridges were five miles away, and there were others still farther preventing a view.  When we reached them we had come ninety-eight miles from the Circus.  Here Gibson, who was always behind, called out and said his horse was going to die, or knock up, which are synonymous terms in this region.  Now we had reached a point where at last a different view was presented to us, and I believed a change of country was at hand, for the whole western, down to the south-western, horizon was broken by lines of ranges, being most elevated at the south-western end.  They were all notched and irregular, and I believed formed the eastern extreme of a more elevated and probably mountainous region to the west.  The ground we now stood upon, and for a mile or two past, was almost a stony hill itself, and for the first time in all the distance we had come, we had reached a spot where water might run during rain, though we had not seen any place where it could lodge.  Between us and the hilly