Australia, larger than the continental United States, is vitally interested in dry-farming, for one third of its vast area is under a rainfall of less than ten inches, and another third is under a rainfall of between ten and twenty inches.  Two thirds of the area of Australia, if reclaimed at all, must be reclaimed by dry-farming.  The realization of this condition has led several Australians to visit the United States for the purpose of learning the methods employed in dry-farming.  The reports on dry-farming in America by Surveyor-General Strawbridge and Senator J. H. McColl have done much to initiate a vigorous propaganda in behalf of dry-farming in Australia.  Investigation has shown that occasional farmers are found in Australia, as in America, who have discovered for themselves many of the methods of dry-farming and have succeeded in producing crops profitably.  Undoubtedly, in time, Australia will be one of the great dry-farming countries of the world.

Africa

Up to the present, South Africa only has taken an active interest in the dry-farm movement, due to the enthusiastic labors of Dr. William Macdonald of the Transvaal.  The Transvaal has an average annual precipitation of twenty-three inches, with a large district that receives between thirteen and twenty inches.  The rain comes in the summer, making the conditions similar to those of the Great Plains.  The success of dry-farming has already been practically demonstrated.  The question before the Transvaal farmers is the determination of the best application of water conserving methods under the prevailing conditions.  Under proper leadership the Transvaal and other portions of Africa will probably join the ranks of the larger dry-farming countries of the world.

Russia

More than one fourth of the whole of Russia is so dry as to be reclaimable only by dry-farming.  The arid area of southern European Russia has a climate very much like that of the Great Plains.  Turkestan and middle Asiatic Russia have a climate more like that of the Great Basin.  In a great number of localities in both European and Asiatic Russia dry-farming has been practiced for a number of years.  The methods employed have not been of the most refined kind, due, possibly, to the condition of the people constituting the farming class.  The government is now becoming interested in the matter and there is no doubt that dry-farming will also be practiced on a very large scale in Russia.

Turkey

Turkey has also a large area of arid land and, due to American assistance, experiments in dry-farming are being carried on in various parts of the country.  It is interesting to learn that the experiments there, up to date, have been eminently successful and that the prospects now are that modern dry-farming will soon be conducted on a large scale in the Ottoman Empire.

Palestine

The whole of Palestine is essentially arid and semi-arid and dry-farming there has been practiced for centuries.  With the application of modern methods it should be more successful than ever before.  Dr. Aaronsohn states that the original wild wheat from which the present varieties of wheat have descended has been discovered to be a native of Palestine.