ten galleons and lesser ships, under General Juan Martinet de Recalde, upper admiral of the fleet.  In the squadron of Guipuzcoa were ten galleons, under General Miguel de Oquendo.  In the squadron of Italy were ten ships, under General Martin de Bertendona.  In the squadron of Urcas, or store-ships, were twenty-three sail, under General Juan Gomez de Medina.  The squadron of tenders, caravels, and other vessels, numbered twenty-two sail, under General Antonio Hurtado de Mendoza.  The squadron of four galeasses was commanded by Don Hugo de Moncada.  The squadron of four galeras, or galleys, was in charge of Captain Diego de Medrado.

Next in command to Medina Sidonia was Don Alonzo de Leyva, captain-general of the light horse of Milan.  Don Francisco de Bobadilla was marshal-general of the camp.  Don Diego de Pimentel was marshal of the camp to the famous Terzio or legion of Sicily.

The total tonnage of the fleet was 59,120:  the number of guns was 3165.  Of Spanish troops there were 19,295 on board:  there were 8252 sailors and 2088 galley-slaves.  Besides these, there was a force of noble volunteers, belonging to the most illustrious houses of Spain, with their attendants amounting to nearly 2000 in all.  There was also Don Martin Alaccon, administrator and vicar-general of the Holy Inquisition, at the head of some 290 monks of the mendicant orders, priests and familiars.  The grand total of those embarked was about 30,000.  The daily expense of the fleet was estimated by Don Diego de Pimentel at 12,000 ducats a-day, and the daily cost of the combined naval and military force under Farnese and Medina Sidonia was stated at 30,000 ducats.

The size of the ships ranged from 1200 tons to 300.  The galleons, of which there were about sixty, were huge round-stemmed clumsy vessels, with bulwarks three or four feet thick, and built up at stem and stern, like castles.  The galeasses of which there were four—­were a third larger than the ordinary galley, and were rowed each by three hundred galley-slaves.  They consisted of an enormous towering fortress at the stern; a castellated structure almost equally massive in front, with seats for the rowers amidships.  At stem and stern and between each of the slaves’ benches were heavy cannon.  These galeasses were floating edifices, very wonderful to contemplate.  They were gorgeously decorated.  There were splendid state-apartments, cabins, chapels, and pulpits in each, and they were amply provided with awnings, cushions, streamers, standards, gilded saints, and bands of music.  To take part in an ostentatious pageant, nothing could be better devised.  To fulfil the great objects of a war-vessel—­to sail and to fight—­they were the worst machines ever launched upon the ocean.  The four galleys were similar to the galeasses in every respect except that of size, in which they were by one-third inferior.