But besides his instructions to smooth and expostulate, in which he had succeeded so well, and had been requited so ill; Buckhurst had received a still more difficult commission.  He had been ordered to broach the subject of peace, as delicately as possible, but without delay; first sounding the leading politicians, inducing them to listen to the Queen’s suggestions on the subject, persuading them that they ought to be satisfied with the principles of the pacification of Ghent, and that it was hopeless for the Provinces to continue the war with their mighty adversary any longer.

Most reluctantly had Buckhurst fulfilled his sovereign’s commands in this disastrous course.  To talk to the Hollanders of the Ghent pacification seemed puerile.  That memorable treaty, ten years before, had been one of the great landmarks of progress, one of the great achievements of William the Silent.  By its provisions, public exercise of the reformed religion had been secured for the two Provinces of Holland and Zeeland, and it had been agreed that the secret practice of those rites should be elsewhere winked at, until such time as the States-General, under the auspices of Philip II., should otherwise ordain.  But was it conceivable that now, after Philip’s authority had been solemnly abjured, and the reformed worship had become the, public, dominant religion, throughout all the Provinces,—­the whole republic should return to the Spanish dominion, and to such toleration as might be sanctioned by an assembly professing loyalty to the most Catholic King?

Buckhurst had repeatedly warned the Queen, in fervid and eloquent language, as to the intentions of Spain.  “There was never peace well made,” he observed, “without a mighty war preceding, and always, the sword in hand is the best pen to write the conditions of peace.”

“If ever prince had cause,” he continued, “to think himself beset with doubt and danger, you, sacred Queen, have most just cause not only to think it, but even certainly to believe it.  The Pope doth daily plot nothing else but how he may bring to pass your utter overthrow; the French King hath already sent you threatenings of revenge, and though for that pretended cause I think little will ensue, yet he is blind that seeth not the mortal dislike that boileth deep in his heart for other respects against you.  The Scottish King, not only in regard of his future hope, but also by reason of some over conceit in his heart, may be thought a dangerous neighbour to you.  The King of Spain armeth and extendeth all his power to ruin both you and your estate.  And if the Indian gold have corrupted also the King of Denmark, and made him likewise Spanish, as I marvellously fear; why will not your Majesty, beholding the flames of your enemies on every side kindling around, unlock all your coffers and convert your treasure for the advancing of worthy men, and for the arming of ships and men-of-war that may defend you, since princes’ treasures serve only to that end, and, lie they never so fast or so full in their chests, can no ways so defend them?