since he came into these countries, nor so far out of courage.”  And it is quite true that Alexander had reason to be discouraged.  He had but eight or nine thousand men, and no money to pay even this little force.  The soldiers were perishing daily, and nearly all the survivors were described by their chief, as sick or maimed.  The famine in the obedient Provinces was universal, the whole population was desperate with hunger; and the merchants, frightened by Drake’s successes, and appalled by the ruin all around them, drew their purse-strings inexorably.  “I know not to what saint to devote myself,” said Alexander.  He had been compelled, by the movement before Grave, to withdraw Haultepenne from the projected enterprise against Neusz, and he was quite aware of the cheerful view which Leicester was inclined to take of their relative positions.  “The English think they are going to do great things,” said he; “and consider themselves masters of the field.”

Nevertheless, on the 11th May, the dejected melancholy man had left Brussels, and joined his little army, consisting of three thousand Spaniards and five thousand of all other nations.  His veterans, though unpaid; ragged, and half-starved were in raptures to, have their idolized commander among them again, and vowed that under his guidance there was nothing which they could not accomplish.  The King’s honour, his own, that of the army, all were pledged to take the city.  On the success of, that enterprise, he said, depended all his past conquests, and every hope for the future.  Leicester and the, English, whom he called the head and body of the rebel forces, were equally pledged to relieve the place, and were bent upon meeting him in the field.  The Earl had taken some forts in the Batavia—­Betuwe; or “good meadow,” which he pronounced as fertile and about as large as Herefordshire,—­and was now threatening Nymegen, a city which had been gained for Philip by the last effort of Schenk, on the royalist side.  He was now observing Alexander’s demonstrations against Grave; but, after the recent success in victualling that place, he felt a just confidence in its security.

On the 31st May the trenches were commenced, and on the 5th June the batteries were opened.  The work went rapidly forward when Farnese was in the field.  “The Prince of Parma doth batter it like a Prince,” said Lord North, admiring the enemy with the enthusiasm of an honest soldier:  On the 6th of June, as Alexander rode through the camp to reconnoitre, previous to an attack.  A well-directed cannon ball carried away the hinder half, of his horse.  The Prince fell to the ground, and, for a moment, dismay was in the Spanish ranks.  At the next instant, though somewhat bruised, he was on his feet again, and, having found the breach sufficiently promising, he determined on the assault.