as to their ancient constitutions. Disputes concerning
these various statutes and customs were to be decided
by the usual tribunals, by “good men,”
or by amicable compromise. The provinces, by virtue
of the Union, were to defend each other “with
life, goods, and blood,” against all force brought
against them in the King’s name or behalf.
They were also to defend each other against all foreign
or domestic potentates, provinces, or cities, provided
such defence were controlled by the “generality”
of the union. For the expense occasioned by the
protection of the provinces, certain imposts and excises
were to be equally assessed and collected. No
truce or peace was to be concluded, no war commenced,
no impost established affecting the “generality,”
but by unanimous advice and consent of the provinces.
Upon other matters the majority was to decide; the
votes being taken in the manner then customary in the
assembly of states-general. In case of difficulty
in coming to a unanimous vote when required, the matter
was to be referred to the stadholders then in office.
In case cf their inability to agree, they were to
appoint arbitrators, by whose decision the parties
were to be governed. None of the united provinces,
or of their cities or corporations, were to make treaties
with other potentates or states, without consent of
their confederates. If neighbouring princes,
provinces, or cities, wished to enter into this confederacy,
they were to be received by the unanimous consent
of the united provinces. A common currency was
to be established for the confederacy. In the
matter of divine worship, Holland and Zealand were
to conduct themselves as they should think proper.
The other provinces of the union, however, were either
to conform to the religious peace already laid down
by Archduke Matthias and his council, or to make such
other arrangements as each province should for itself
consider appropriate for the maintenance of its internal
tranquillity—provided always that every
individual should remain free in his religion, and
that no man should be molested or questioned on the
subject of divine worship, as had been already established
by the Ghent Pacification. As a certain dispute
arose concerning the meaning of this important clause,
an additional paragraph was inserted a few days afterwards.
In this it was stated that there was no intention
of excluding from the confederacy any province or city
which was wholly Catholic, or in which the number
of the Reformed was not sufficiently large to entitle
them, by the religious peace, to public worship.
On the contrary, the intention was to admit them, provided
they obeyed the articles of union, and conducted themselves
as good patriots; it being intended that no province
or city should interfere with another in the matter
of divine service. Disputes between two provinces
were to be decided by the others, or—in
case the generality were concerned—by the
provisions of the ninth article.