In the more public document, Philip observed that he had never considered himself obliged to justify his conduct, in his own affairs, to others.  He thought, however, that his example of severity would have been received with approbation by princes whose subjects he had thus taught obedience.  He could not admit that, on account of the treaties which constituted the Netherlands a circle of the Empire, he was obliged to observe within their limits the ordinances of the imperial diet.  As to the matter of religion, his principal solicitude, since his accession to the crown, had been to maintain the Catholic faith throughout all his states.  In things sacred he could admit no compromise.  The Church alone had the right to prescribe rules to the faithful.  As to the chastisement inflicted by him upon the Netherland rebels, it would be found that he had not used rigor, as had been charged against him, but, on the, contrary, great clemency and gentleness.  He had made no change in the government of the provinces, certainly none in the edicts, the only statutes binding upon princes.  He had appointed the Duke of Alva to the regency, because it was his royal will and pleasure so to appoint him.  The Spanish soldiery were necessary for the thorough chastisement of the rebels, and could not be at present removed.  As to the Prince of Orange, whose case seemed the principal motive for this embassy, and in whose interest so much had been urged, his crimes were so notorious that it was impossible even to attempt to justify them.  He had been, in effect, the author of all the conspiracies, tumults, and seditious which had taken place in the Netherlands.  All the thefts, sacrileges, violations of temples, and other misdeeds of which these provinces had been the theatre, were, with justice, to be imputed to him.  He had moreover, levied an army and invaded his Majesty’s territories.  Crimes so enormous had closed the gate to all clemency.  Notwithstanding his respect for the intercession made by the Emperor and the princes of the Empire, the King could not condescend to grant what was now asked of him in regard to the Prince of Orange.  As to a truce between him and the Duke of Alva, his Imperial Majesty ought to reflect upon the difference between a sovereign and his rebellious vassal, and consider how indecent and how prejudicial to the King’s honor such a treaty must be esteemed.

So far the public letter, of which the Archduke was furnished with a copy, both in Spanish and in Latin.  The private memorandum was intended for the Emperor’s eyes alone and those of his envoy.  In this paper the King expressed himself with more warmth and in more decided language.  He was astonished, he said, that the Prince of Orange, in levying an army for the purpose of invading the states of his natural sovereign, should have received so much aid and comfort in Germany.  It seemed incredible that this could not have been prevented by imperial authority.