10 40 5: With storms and shadows girt, sate God, alone,
10 44 9: As ’hush! hark! Come they yet? God, God, thine hour is near!’
10 45 8: Men brought their atheist kindred to appease
10 47 6: The threshold of God’s throne, and it was she!
11 16 1: Ye turn to God for aid in your distress;
11 25 7: Swear by your dreadful God.’—’We swear, we swear!’
12 10 9: Truly for self, thus thought that Christian Priest indeed,
12 11 9: A woman? God has sent his other victim here.
12 12 6-8:
Will I stand up before God’s golden throne,
And cry, ’O Lord, to thee did I betray
An Atheist; but for me she would have known
12 29 4: In torment and in fire have Atheists gone;
12 30 4: How Atheists and Republicans can die;
2. Aught but a lifeless clod, until revived by thee (Dedic. 6 9).
So Rossetti; the Shelley editions, 1818 and 1839,
read clog, which is retained by Forman, Dowden, and
Woodberry. Rossetti’s happy conjecture,
clod, seems to Forman ’a doubtful emendation,
as Shelley may have used clog in its [figurative]
sense of weight, encumbrance.’—Hardly,
as here, in a poetical figure: that would be
to use a metaphor within a metaphor. Shelley
compares his heart to a concrete object: if clog
is right, the word must be taken in one or other of
its two recognized LITERAL senses—’a
wooden shoe,’ or ’a block of wood tied
round the neck or to the leg of a horse or a dog.’
Again, it is of others’ hearts, not of his own,
that Shelley here deplores the icy coldness and weight;
besides, how could he appropriately describe his heart
as a weight or encumbrance upon the free play of impulse
and emotion, seeing that for Shelley, above all men,
the heart was itself the main source and spring of
all feeling and action? That source, he complains,
has been dried up—its emotions desiccated—by
the crushing impact of other hearts, heavy, hard and
cold as stone. His heart has become withered and
barren, like a lump of earth parched with frost—’a
lifeless clod.’ Compare “Summer and
Winter”, lines 11-15:—
’It was a winter such as when birds die
In the deep forests; and the fishes lie
Stiffened in the translucent ice, which makes
Even the mud and slime of the warm lakes
A wrinkled clod as hard as brick;’ etc.,
etc.
The word revived suits well with clod; but what is a revived clog? Finally, the first two lines of the following stanza (7) seem decisive in favour of Roseetti’s word.
If any one wonders how a misprint overlooked in 1818
could, after
twenty-one years, still remain undiscovered in 1839,
let him consider
the case of clog in Lamb’s parody on Southey’s
and Coleridge’s “Dactyls”
(Lamb, “Letter to Coleridge”, July 1,
1796):—
Sorely your Dactyls do drag along limp-footed;
Sad is the measure that hangs a clog round ’em
so, etc., etc.