them to turn back to the wilderness, where they are to wander up and down till the old generation is extinct and a new one grown up.  Seized with shame they advance after all, but are beaten and driven back.  Now they retreat to the wilderness, where for many years they march up and down in the neighbourhood of Mount Seir, till at length, 38 years after the departure from Kadesh, they are commanded to advance towards the north, but to spare the brother-peoples of Moab and Ammon.  They conquer the territory of the Amorite kings, Sihon of Heshbon and Og of Bashan.  Moses assigns it to the tribes of Reuben and Gad and the half-tribe of Manasseh, on condition that their army is to yield assistance in the remaining war.  The continuous report comes to an end with the nomination of Joshua as future leader of the people.

This same narrative, with the addition of some scattered particulars in the Book of Deuteronomy, 1 will serve perfectly

************************************** 1.  Appointment of judges and wardens (#W+RYM = peace-officials, who, according to xx. 9, are in war replaced by the captains), i. 9-18, Taberah, Massah, Kibroth Taavah (ix. 22), Dathan and Abiram (xi. 6), Balaam (xxiii. 5), Baal-peor (iv. 3).  Only the Jehovist narrative of Numbers xii. seems to be nowhere referred to.  In Deuteronomy i. 9-18 the scene is still at Horeb, but this passage shows acquaintance with Numbers xi. and uses both versions for a new and somewhat different one. ***************************************

well as a thread to understand JE.  What, on the contrary, is peculiar to the Priestly Code is passed over in deep silence, and from Exodus xxxiv.  Deuteronomy takes us at once to Numbers x.  While not a few of the narratives which Deuteronomy repeats or alludes to, occur only in JE and not in Q, the converse does not occur at all.  And in those narratives which are found both in JE and in Q, Deuteronomy follows, in every case in which there is a distinct divergence, the version of JE.  The spies are sent out from Kadesh, not from the wilderness of Paran; they only reach Hebron, not the neighbourhood of Hamath; Caleb is one of them, and not Joshua.  The rebels of Numbers xvi. are the Reubenites Dathan and Abiram, not Korah and the Levites.  After the settlement in the land east of Jordan the people have to do with Moab and Ammon, not with Midian:  Balaam is connected with the former, not with the latter.  The same of Baal-peor:  Deuteronomy iv. 3 agrees with JE (Numbers xxv. 1-5), not with Q (Numbers xxv. 6 seq.).  Things being so, we cannot, with Noldeke, see in the number of the spies (Deuteronomy i. 23) an unmistakable sign of the influence of Q (Numbers xiii. 2).  Had the author read the narrative as it is now before us in Numbers xiii. xiv., it would be impossible to understand how, as we have seen, the Jehovist version alone made any impression on him.  He must, accordingly, have known Q as a separate work, but it is a bold