that they will use no other.  To be used it should be wetted and squeezed, and it is invariably inhaled through water into the lungs:  almost every town has its favourite description of pipe, and these are of all kinds, from the pauper’s rough cocoa-nut mounted with two reeds, to the prince’s golden bowl set with the finest stones.  Tumbak is cheap, costing about four piastres a pound, but large quantities of it are used. 4th.  Hummi, as the word signifies, a “hot” variety of the tumbak, grown in Al-Yaman and other countries.  It is placed in the tile on the buri or cocoa-nut pipe, unwetted, and has a very acrid flavour.  Being supposed to produce intoxication, or rather a swimming in the head, hummi gives its votaries a bad name:  respectable men would answer “no” with rage if asked whether they are smoking it, and when a fellow tells you that he has seen better days, but that now he smokes Hummi in a buri, you understand him that his misfortunes have affected either his brain or his morality.  Hence it is that this tobacco is never put into pipes intended for smoking the other kinds.  The price of Hummi is about five piastres per pound. [FN#26] A study essential to the learned, as in some particular portions of the Koran a mispronunciation becomes a sin. [FN#27] The Shafe’i, to quote but one point of similarity, abuse Yazid, the Syrian tyrant, who caused the death of the Imam Husayn:  this expression of indignation is forbidden by the Hanafi doctors, who rigidly order their disciples to “judge not.” [FN#28] A systematic concealment of doctrine, and profession of popular tenets, technically called by the Shi’ahs “Takiyah:”  the literal meaning of the word is “fear,” or “caution.” [FN#29] One of the most esteemed chapters of the Koran, frequently recited as a Wazifah or daily task by religious Moslems in Egypt. [FN#30] The Mastabah here is a long earthen bench plastered over with clay, and raised about two feet from the ground, so as to bring the purchaser’s head to a level with the shop.  Mohammed Ali ordered the people to remove them, as they narrowed the streets; their place is now supplied by “Kafas,” cages or stools of wicker-work. [FN#31] A great age in Lower Egypt, where but few reach the 12th lustre.  Even the ancients observed that the old Egyptians, despite their attention to diet and physic, were the most short-lived, and the Britons, despite their barbarism, the longest lived of men. [FN#32] This is the “imposition” of Oxford and Cambridge. [FN#33] The Hammam, or hot bath, being a kind of religious establishment, is one of the class of things-so uncomfortably numerous in Eastern countries-left ’ala jud’ak, “to thy generosity.”  Consequently, you are pretty sure to have something disagreeable there, which you would vainly attempt to avoid by liberality.  The best way to deal with all such extortioners, with the Lawingi (undresser) of a Cairo Hammam, or the “jarvey” of a London Hansom, is to find out the fare, and never to go beyond it-never