and his two grandsons, thereby separating them in dignity from other Moslems. [FN#58] Burckhardt translates “Zahra” “bright blooming Fatimah.”  This I believe to be the literal meaning of the epithet.  When thus applied, however, it denotes “virginem [Greek text] nescientem,” in which state of purity the daughter of the Apostle is supposed to have lived.  For the same reason she is called Al-Batul, the Virgin,-a title given by Eastern Christians to the Mother of our Lord.  The perpetual virginity of Fatimah, even after the motherhood, is a point of orthodoxy in Al-Islam. [FN#59] Meaning “joy and gladness in the sight of true believers.” [FN#60] The prayer is now omitted, in order to avoid the repetition of it when describing a visit to Mount Ohod. [FN#61] The prayers usually recited here are especially in honour of Abbas, Hasan, (Ali, called) Zayn al-Abidin, Osman, the Lady Halimah, the Martyrs, and the Mothers of the Moslems, (i.e. the Apostle’s wives), buried in the holy cemetery.  When describing a visit to Al-Bakia, they will be translated at full length. [FN#62] Hujjaj is the plural of Hajj-pilgrims; Ghuzzat, of Ghazi-crusaders; and Zawwar of Zair-visitors to Mohammed’s tomb. [FN#63] “Taslim” is “to say Salam” to a person. [FN#64] The Ya Sin (Y, S), the 36th chapter of the Koran, frequently recited by those whose profession it is to say such masses for the benefit of living, as well as of dead, sinners.  Most educated Moslems commit it to memory. [FN#65] Or more correctly, “There is no Ilah but Allah,” that is, “There is no god but the God.” [FN#66] Some Zairs, after praying at the Caliph Osman’s niche, leave the Mosque, especially when the “Jama’at,” or public worship, is not being performed in the Rauzah.  Others, as we did, pray alone in the Garden, and many authors prefer this conclusion to Visitation, for the reason above given. [FN#67] This has become a generic name for a Well situated within the walls of a Mosque. [FN#68] As might be expected, the more a man pays, the higher he estimates his own dignity.  Some Indians have spent as much as 500 dollars during a first visit.  Others have “made Maulids,” i.e., feasted all the poor connected with the temple with rice, meat, &c., whilst others brought rare and expensive presents for the officials.  Such generosity, however, is becoming rare in these unworthy days. [FN#69] This gate was anciently called the Bab al-Atakah, “of Deliverance.” [FN#70] Most of these entrances have been named and renamed.  The Bab Jibrail, for instance, which derives its present appellation from the general belief that the archangel once passed through it, is generally called in books Bab al-Jabr, the Gate of Repairing (the broken fortunes of a friend or follower).  It must not be confounded with the Mahbat Jibrail, or the window near it in the Eastern wall, where the archangel usually descended from heaven with the Wahy or Inspiration. [FN#71] By some wonderful process the “Printer’s Devil” converted, in the first edition, this “ball or cone”