[8] The “Triunfo de la Cruz” was begun July 16, 1719, and finally launched at Mulege, near Loreto, Lower California, on the Feast of the Exaltation of the Cross, Sept. 14, 1719, on its mission to determine whether California was an island, as described and delineated in many official accounts and maps of the period.

[9] The original Proclamation of Commodore Sloat, July 7, 1846, signed by his own hand, here produced, is preserved in Golden Gate Park Museum, San Francisco, to whose Curator, Mr. George Barron, it was recently presented in person as authentic by the lately deceased Rev. S. H. Willey, the chaplain of the Constitutional Convention of 1849 in Colton Hall.

[10] See Appendices A and B.

[11] G. H. von Langsdorff, Voyages and Travels in Various Parts of the World (Henry Colburn, London, 1814), part 2, page 150.  Langsdorff, of course, gives it as March 28, 1806, old style, in that year twelve days earlier than our calendar west of the 180th degree of longitude, and eleven days earlier than our calendar cast of that degree.  H. H. Bancroft states that “the loss of a day in coming eastward from St. Petersburg was never taken into account until Alaska was transferred to the United States” (Bancroft, Hist. of California, II, page 299, foot-note 9).  Certainly, Langsdorff makes no such allowance in his narrative of old-style dates, and in the only place east of the 180th parallel where he computes the corresponding new style he adds eleven days, instead of twelve (Voyages and Travels, II, page 136).  Bancroft adopts the date of April 5th, basing it on the Tikhmenef narrative.  Richman and Eldredge follow him in preferring the Tikhmenef narrative to the Langsdorff narrative as a basis, though they differ from each other in reducing it to the new style. from the old style, Richman making it April 5th, following Bancroft in this regard also, and Eldredge making it April 4th, I prefer, with Father Engelhardt, to follow as a basis the painstaking German, Langsdorff, who kept his diary day by day.

[12] G. H. von Langsdorff, Voyages and Travels, part 2, pages 183, 217.  Tikhmenef’s narrative would make the “Juno” leave on the 19th of May, but Langsdorff was himself aboard and kept a log.

[13] Nicolai Petrovich Rezanov, Chamberlain to the Czar, died March 13, 1807 (March 1, old style), at the little town of Krasnoiarsk, capital of the Province of Yenisseisk, now a station on the Trans-Siberian Railroad, where his body is still interred.  Von Langsdorff visited his grave Dec. 9, 1807 (Nov. 27, old style), and found a tomb which be described as “a large stone, in the fashion of an altar, but without any inscription.” (Voyages and Travels, part 2, page 385.) Sir George Simpson visited the grave in 1842, and states that a tomb had been erected by the Russian American Company in 1831, but does not describe it.  Whether this is a mistake in the date on his part, or whether a later and more elaborate tomb displaced the first one, I have not yet been able to ascertain.  It is certain, however, that Sir George Simpson had read von Langsdorff’s book.