In a letter to Leigh Hunt, dated January 25, 1822,
he says: “My faculties are shaken to atoms
and torpid. I can write nothing; and if “Adonais”
had no success, and excited no interest, what incentive
can I have to write?” Again: “I write
little now. It is impossible to compose except
under the strong excitement of an assurance of finding
sympathy in what you write.” Lord Byron’s
company proved now, as before, a check rather than
an incentive to production: “I do not write;
I have lived too long near Lord Byron, and the sun
has extinguished the glow-worm; for I cannot hope,
with St. John, that the light came
into the world and the world
knew it not.” “I despair
of rivalling Lord Byron, as well I may, and there is
no other with whom it is worth contending.”
To Ollier, in 1820, he wrote: “I doubt
whether I shall write more. I could be content
either with the hell or the paradise of poetry; but
the torments of its purgatory vex me, without exciting
my powers sufficiently to put an end to the vexation.”
It was not that his spirit was cowed by the Reviews,
or that he mistook the sort of audience he had to
address. He more than once acknowledged that,
while Byron wrote for the many, his poems were intended
for the understanding few. Yet the sunetoi, as
he called them, gave him but scanty encouragement.
The cold phrases of kindly Horace Smith show that
he had not comprehended “Prometheus Unbound”;
and Shelley whimsically complains that even intelligent
and sympathetic critics confounded the ideal passion
described in “Epipsychidion” with the
love affairs of “a servant-girl and her sweetheart.”
This almost incomprehensible obtuseness on the part
of men who ought to have known better, combined with
the coarse abuse of vulgar scribblers, was enough
to make a man so sincerely modest as Shelley doubt
his powers, or shrink from the severe labour of developing
them. (See Medwin, volume 2 page 172, for Shelley’s
comment on the difficulty of the poet’s art.)
“The decision of the cause,” he wrote
to Mr. Gisborne, “whether or no I am
a poet, is removed from the present time to the hour
when our posterity shall assemble; but the court is
a very severe one, and I fear that the verdict will
be, guilty—death.” Deep down
in his own heart he had, however, less doubt:
“This I know,” he said to Medwin, “that
whether in prosing or in versing, there is something
in my writings that shall live for ever.”
And again, he writes to Hunt: “I am full
of thoughts and plans, and should do something, if
the feeble and irritable frame which encloses it was
willing to obey the spirit. I fancy that then
I should do great things.” It seems almost
certain that the incompleteness of many longer works
designed in the Italian period, the abandonment of
the tragedy on Tasso’s story, the unfinished
state of “Charles I”, and the failure
to execute the cherished plan of a drama suggested
by the Book of Job, were due to the depressing effects
of ill-health and external discouragement. Poetry
with Shelley was no light matter. He composed
under the pressure of intense excitement, and he elaborated
his first draughts with minute care and severe self-criticism.