to the east, and had turned south, having the range of mountains on his right hand, with the intention of regaining his camp by another pass in the mountain.  The party was strung out, single file, with wide spaces between, Warner ahead.  He had just crossed a small valley and ascended one of the spurs covered with sage-brush and rocks, when a band of Indians rose up and poured in a shower of arrows.  The mule turned and ran back to the valley, where Warner fell off dead, punctured by five arrows.  The mule also died.  The guide, who was near to Warner, was mortally wounded; and one or two men had arrows in their bodies, but recovered.  The party gathered about Warner’s body, in sight of the Indians, who whooped and yelled, but did not venture away from their cover of rocks.  This party of men remained there all day without burying the bodies, and at night, by a wide circuit, passed the mountain, and reached Williamson’s camp.  The news of Warner’s death cast a gloom over all the old Californians, who knew him well.  He was a careful, prudent, and honest officer, well qualified for his business, and extremely accurate in all his work.  He and I had been intimately associated during our four years together in California, and I felt his loss deeply.  The season was then too far advanced to attempt to avenge his death, and it was not until the next spring that a party was sent out to gather up and bury his scattered bones.

As winter approached, the immigrants overland came pouring into California, dusty and worn with their two thousand miles of weary travel across the plains and mountains.  Those who arrived in October and November reported thousands still behind them, with oxen perishing, and short of food.  Appeals were made for help, and General Smith resolved to attempt relief.  Major Rucker, who had come across with Pike.  Graham’s Battalion of Dragoons, had exchanged with Major Fitzgerald, of the Quartermaster’s Department, and was detailed to conduct this relief.  General Smith ordered him to be supplied with one hundred thousand dollars out of the civil fund, subject to his control, and with this to purchase at Sacramento flour, bacon, etc., and to hire men and mules to send out and meet the immigrants.  Major Rucker fulfilled this duty perfectly, sending out pack-trains loaded with food by the many routes by which the immigrants were known to be approaching, went out himself with one of these trains, and remained in the mountains until the last immigrant had got in.  No doubt this expedition saved many a life which has since been most useful to the country.  I remained at Sacramento a good part of the fall of 1849, recognizing among the immigrants many of my old personal friends—­John C. Fall, William King, Sam Stambaugh, Hugh Ewing, Hampton Denman, etc.  I got Rucker to give these last two employment along with the train for the relief of the immigrants.  They had proposed to begin a ranch on my land on the Cosumnes, but afterward changed their minds, and went out with Rucker.