242.  Whether we call it “civilization,” or “humanising,” or “progress,” which now distinguishes the European, whether we call it simply, without praise or blame, by the political formula the democratic movement in Europe—­behind all the moral and political foregrounds pointed to by such formulas, an immense physiological process goes on, which is ever extending the process of the assimilation of Europeans, their increasing detachment from the conditions under which, climatically and hereditarily, united races originate, their increasing independence of every definite milieu, that for centuries would fain inscribe itself with equal demands on soul and body,—­that is to say, the slow emergence of an essentially super-national and nomadic species of man, who possesses, physiologically speaking, a maximum of the art and power of adaptation as his typical distinction.  This process of the evolving European, which can be retarded in its tempo by great relapses, but will perhaps just gain and grow thereby in vehemence and depth—­the still-raging storm and stress of “national sentiment” pertains to it, and also the anarchism which is appearing at present—­this process will probably arrive at results on which its naive propagators and panegyrists, the apostles of “modern ideas,” would least care to reckon.  The same new conditions under which on an average a levelling and mediocrising of man will take place—­a useful, industrious, variously serviceable, and clever gregarious man—­are in the highest degree suitable to give rise to exceptional men of the most dangerous and attractive qualities.  For, while the capacity for adaptation, which is every day trying changing conditions, and begins a new work with every generation, almost with every decade, makes the powerfulness of the type impossible; while the collective impression of such future Europeans will probably be that of numerous, talkative, weak-willed, and very handy workmen who require a master, a commander, as they require their daily bread; while, therefore, the democratising of Europe will tend to the production of a type prepared for slavery in the most subtle sense of the term:  the strong man will necessarily in individual and exceptional cases, become stronger and richer than he has perhaps ever been before—­owing to the unprejudicedness of his schooling, owing to the immense variety of practice, art, and disguise.  I meant to say that the democratising of Europe is at the same time an involuntary arrangement for the rearing of tyrants—­taking the word in all its meanings, even in its most spiritual sense.

243.  I hear with pleasure that our sun is moving rapidly towards the constellation Hercules:  and I hope that the men on this earth will do like the sun.  And we foremost, we good Europeans!