to this, and Captain Folsom bought an oyster-can full at ten dollars the ounce, which was the rate of value at which it was then received at the custom house.  Folsom was instructed further to contract with some vessel to carry the messenger to South America, where he could take the English steamers as far east as Jamaica, with a conditional charter giving increased payment if the vessel could catch the October steamer.  Folsom chartered the bark La Lambayecana, owned and navigated by Henry D. Cooke, who has since been the Governor of the District of Columbia.  In due time this vessel reached Monterey, and Lieutenant Loeser, with his report and specimens of gold, embarked and sailed.  He reached the South American Continent at Payta, Peru, in time; took the English steamer of October to Panama, and thence went on to Kingston, Jamaica, where he found a sailing vessel bound for New Orleans.  On reaching New Orleans, he telegraphed to the War Department his arrival; but so many delays had occurred that he did not reach Washington in time to have the matter embraced in the President’s regular message of 1848, as we had calculated.  Still, the President made it the subject of a special message, and thus became “official” what had before only reached the world in a very indefinite shape.  Then began that wonderful development, and the great emigration to California, by land and by sea, of 1849 and 1850.

As before narrated, Mason, Warner, and I, made a second visit to the mines in September and October, 1848.  As the winter season approached, Colonel Mason returned to Monterey, and I remained for a time at Sutter’s Fort.  In order to share somewhat in the riches of the land, we formed a partnership in a store at Coloma, in charge of Norman S. Bestor, who had been Warner’s clerk.  We supplied the necessary money, fifteen hundred dollars (five hundred dollars each), and Bestor carried on the store at Coloma for his share.  Out of this investment, each of us realized a profit of about fifteen hundred dollars.  Warner also got a regular leave of absence, and contracted with Captain Sutter for surveying and locating the town of Sacramento.  He received for this sixteen dollars per day for his services as surveyor; and Sutter paid all the hands engaged in the work.  The town was laid off mostly up about the fort, but a few streets were staked off along the river bank, and one or two leading to it.  Captain Sutter always contended, however, that no town could possibly exist on the immediate bank of the river, because the spring freshets rose over the bank, and frequently it was necessary to swim a horse to reach the boat-landing.  Nevertheless, from the very beginning the town began to be built on the very river-bank, viz., First, Second, and Third Streets, with J and K Streets leading back.  Among the principal merchants and traders of that winter, at Sacramento, were Sam Brannan and Hensley, Reading & Co.  For several years the site was annually flooded; but the people have persevered in building the levees, and afterward in raising all the streets, so that Sacramento is now a fine city, the capital of the State, and stands where, in 1848, was nothing but a dense mass of bushes, vines, and submerged land.  The old fort has disappeared altogether.