* A year or two after my visit, James Stevenson, of the Bureau of Ethnology, was driven away from Oraibi.  Thomas Keam and he then went there with a force of Navajos and compelled the surrender of the chiefs who had been most obnoxious.  They took them to Ream’s Canyon and confined them on bread and water till they apologised.

Garces was not permitted to enter the house where his Yabipai guide intended to stop, and he therefore made his way to a corner formed by a jutting wall, and there unsaddled his faithful mule, which the Yabipai took to a sheep corral.  The padre remained in his corner, gathering a few scattered corn-stalks from the street, with which he made a fire and cooked a little atole.  All day long the people came in succession to stare at him.  I can testify to the sullen unfriendliness of the Oraibi, and I have seen few places I have left with greater pleasure than that I felt when, in 1885, I rode away from this town.  Garces was not able to make a favourable impression, and after, considering the feasibility of going on to Zuni, and deciding against it, he thought he would visit the other towns with a hope of being better received, but a few yells from some herders sent him back to his Yabipai guide and several friendly Zunis at Oraibi, where he occupied his corner again.  In the morning he perceived a multitude approaching, some bedecked with paint and feathers, and when four of these came forward and ordered him to leave he held up his crucifix and assured them of his desire to do good to them.  They made wry faces and cried “No, no,” so that he called for his mule and departed, smiling upon them as he went.  He returned by the same route.  It was the 4th of July when Garces was expelled by the Oraibis, a declaration of independence on their part which they have maintained down to the present day.  That other Declaration of Independence was made on this same day on the far Atlantic coast.  The Colonies were engaged in their battle for freedom, but no sound of that strife then reached New Mexico, yet its portent was great for that region where, three-quarters of a century later, the flag of the Great Republic should float triumphant over all, Garces reached the Colorado once more on July 25th, his arduous journey absolutely fruitless so far as missionary work was concerned.  He arrived at his mission of Bac September 17, 1776.

On July 29, 1776, another even greater entrada was begun at Santa Fe by the Fray Padre Francisco Silvestre Velez Escalade,* in his search for a route to Monterey, unaware that Garces had just traversed, next to that of Onate, the most practicable short route to be found.  Garces had written to Escalante, ministro doctrinero of Zuni, a letter from Oraibi, but as the ministro had already departed for Santa Fe, leaving Fray Mariano Rosate in charge at Zuni, the letter probably did not reach him till his return.  The northern country, notwithstanding several small entradas and the considerable