I.

It needs, indeed, an effort of the imagination at the moment of writing to think of Belgium as in any sense a component part of “Beautiful Europe.”  The unhappy “cockpit” of the Continent at the actual hour is again in process of accomplishing its frightful destiny—­no treaty, or “scrap of paper,” is potent to preserve this last, and weakest, of all the nations of Western Europe from drinking to the dregs the cup of ruin and desolation.  Tragic indeed in the profoundest sense—­in the sense of Aristotle—­more tragic than the long ruin of the predestined house of Oedipus—­is this accumulated tragedy of a small and helpless people, whose sole apparent crime is their stern determination to cling at any cost to their plighted word of honour.  I have been lately glancing into a little book published about five years ago, in which a view is taken of the Belgian character that no one could term indulgent.  “It is curious,” says the writer in one place, “how few Belgians, old or young, rich or poor, consider the feelings or convenience of others.  They are intensely selfish, and this is doubtless caused by the way in which they are brought up.”  And, again, in another chapter, he insinuates a doubt as to whether the Belgians, if ever called on, would even prove good soldiers.  “But whether the people of a neutral State are ever likely to be brave and self-sacrificing is another thing.”  Such a writer certainly does not shrink—­as Burke, we know, once shrank—­from framing an indictment against an entire people.  Whether Belgium, as a nation, is self-sacrificing and brave may safely be left to the judgment of posterity.  There is a passage in one of Mr. Lecky’s books—­I cannot put my finger on the exact reference—­in which he pronounces that the sins of France, which are many, are forgiven her, because, like the woman in the Gospels, she has loved much.  It is not our business now, if indeed at any time, to appraise the sins of Belgium; but surely her love, in anguish, is manifest and supreme.  When we contemplate these firstfruits of German “kultur"- -this deluge of innocent blood, and this wreckage of ancient monuments—­who can hesitate for a moment to belaud this little people, which has flung itself thus gallantly, in the spirit of purest sacrifice, in front of the onward progress of this new and frightful Juggernaut?  Rather one recalls that old persistent creed, exemplified perhaps in the mysteries, now of the Greek Adonis, now of Persian Mithras, and now of the Roman priest of the Nennian lake, that it is only through the gates of sacrifice and death that the world moves on triumphant to rejuvenation and life.  Is it, in truth, through the blood of a bruised and prostrate Belgium that the purple hyacinth of a rescued European civilization will spring presently from the soaked and untilled soil?