—­Goodbye, Stephen said in his wake.  Don’t forget the turnips for me and my mate.

Lynch gazed after him, his lip curling in slow scorn till his face resembled a devil’s mask: 

—­To think that that yellow pancake-eating excrement can get a good job, he said at length, and I have to smoke cheap cigarettes!

They turned their faces towards Merrion Square and went for a little in silence.

—­To finish what I was saying about beauty, said Stephen, the most satisfying relations of the sensible must therefore correspond to the necessary phases of artistic apprehension.  Find these and you find the qualities of universal beauty.  Aquinas says:  Ad PULCRITUDINEM TRIA REQUIRUNTUR INTEGRITAS, CONSONANTIA, CLARITAS.  I translate it so:  Three things are needed for beauty, wholeness, harmony, and radiance.  Do these correspond to the phases of apprehension?  Are you following?

—­Of course, I am, said Lynch.  If you think I have an excrementitious intelligence run after Donovan and ask him to listen to you.

Stephen pointed to a basket which a butcher’s boy had slung inverted on his head.

—­Look at that basket, he said.

—­I see it, said Lynch.

—­In order to see that basket, said Stephen, your mind first of all separates the basket from the rest of the visible universe which is not the basket.  The first phase of apprehension is a bounding line drawn about the object to be apprehended.  An esthetic image is presented to us either in space or in time.

What is audible is presented in time, what is visible is presented in space.  But, temporal or spatial, the esthetic image is first luminously apprehended as selfbounded and selfcontained upon the immeasurable background of space or time which is not it.  You apprehended it as one thing.  You see it as one whole.  You apprehend its wholeness.  That is INTEGRITAS.

—­Bull’s eye! said Lynch, laughing.  Go on.

—­Then, said Stephen, you pass from point to point, led by its formal lines; you apprehend it as balanced part against part within its limits; you feel the rhythm of its structure.  In other words, the synthesis of immediate perception is followed by the analysis of apprehension.  Having first felt that it is one thing you feel now that it is a thing.  You apprehend it as complex, multiple, divisible, separable, made up of its parts, the result of its parts and their sum, harmonious.  That is CONSONANTIA.

—­Bull’s eye again! said Lynch wittily.  Tell me now what is CLARITAS and you win the cigar.