The Peace of Longjumeau gave no security to the Huguenot nobles; they felt that the assassin might catch them any day.  An attempt to seize Condo and Coligny failed, and served only to irritate their party; Cardinal Chatillon escaped to England; Jeanne of Navarre and her young son Henri took refuge at La Rochelle; L’Hopital was dismissed the Court.  The Queen-mother seemed to have thrown off her cloak of moderation, and to be ready to relieve herself of the Huguenots by any means, fair or foul.  War accordingly could not fail to break out again before the end of the year.  Conde had never been so strong; with his friends in England and the Low Countries, and the enthusiastic support of a great party of nobles and religious adherents at home, his hopes rose; he even talked of deposing the Valois and reigning in their stead.  He lost his life, however, early in 1569, at the battle of Jarnac.  Coligny once more with difficulty, as at Dreux, saved the broken remnants of the defeated Huguenots.  Conde’s death, regarded at the time by the Huguenots as an irreparable calamity, proved in the end to be no serious loss; for it made room for the true head of the party, Henri of Navarre.  No sooner had Jeanne of Navarre heard of the mishap of Jarnac than she came into the Huguenot camp and presented to the soldiers her young son Henri and the young Prince de Conde, a mere child.  Her gallant bearing and the true soldier-spirit of Coligny, who shone most brightly in adversity, restored their temper; they even won some small advantages.  Before long, however, the Duc d’Anjou, the King’s youngest brother, caught and punished them severely at Moncontour.  Both parties thenceforward wore themselves out with desultory warfare.  In August, 1570, the Peace of St. Germain-en-Laye closed the third war and ended the first period.

2.  It was the most favourable Peace the Huguenots had won as yet; it secured them, besides previous rights, four strongholds.  The Catholics were dissatisfied; they could not sympathise with the Queen-mother in her alarm at the growing strength of Philip II., head of the Catholics in Europe; they dreaded the existence and growing influence of a party now beginning to receive a definite name, and honourable nickname, the Politiques.  These were that large body of French gentlemen who loved the honour of their country rather than their religious party, and who, though Catholics, were yet moderate and tolerant.  A pair of marriages now proposed by the Court amazed them still more.  It was suggested that the Duc d’Anjou should marry Queen Elizabeth of England, and Henri of Navarre, Marguerite de Valois, the King’s sister.  Charles II. hoped thus to be rid of his brother, whom he disliked, and to win powerful support against Spain, by the one match, and by the other to bring the civil wars to a close.  The sketch of a far-reaching resistance to Philip II. was drawn out; so convinced of his good faith was the prudent