We entered Cairo on the 24th of July, and the General-in-Chief immediately directed his attention to the civil and military organization of the country.  Only those who saw him in the vigour of his youth can form an idea of his extraordinary intelligence and activity.  Nothing escaped his observation.  Egypt had long been the object of his study; and in a few weeks he was as well acquainted with the country as if he had lived in it ten years.  He issued orders for observing the strictest discipline, and these orders were punctually obeyed.

The mosques, the civil and religious institutions, the harems, the women, the customs of the country-all were scrupulously respected.  A few days after they entered Cairo the French were freely admitted into the shops, and were seen sociably smoking their pipes with the inhabitants, assisting them in their occupations, and playing with their children.

The day after his arrival in Cairo Bonaparte addressed to his brother Joseph the following letter, which was intercepted and printed.  Its authenticity has been doubted, but I saw Napoleon write it, and he read it to me before he sent it off.

                       Cairo,
               7th.  Thermidor (25th July 1798)

You will see in the public papers the bulletins of the battles and conquest of Egypt, which were sufficiently contested to add another wreath to the laurels of this army.  Egypt is richer than any country in the world in coin, rice, vegetables, and cattle.  But the people are in a state of utter barbarism.  We cannot procure money, even to pay the troops.  I maybe in France in two months.

Engage a country-house, to be ready for me on my arrival, either
near Paris or in Burgundy, where I mean to pass the winter.

   —­[Bonaparte’s autograph note, after enumerating the troops and
   warlike stores he wished to be sent, concluded with the following
   list: 

1st, a company of actors; 2d, a company of dancers; 3d, some dealers in marionettes, at least three or four; 9th, a hundred French women; 5th, the wives of all the men employed in the corps; 6th, twenty surgeons, thirty apothecaries, and ten Physicians; 7th, some founders; 8th, some distillers and dealers in liquor; 9th fifty gardeners with their families, and the seeds of every kind of vegetable; 10th, each party to bring with them:  200,000 pints of brandy; 11th, 30,000 ells of blue and scarlet cloth; 12th, a supply of soap and oil.—­Bourrienne.]—­

(Signed) Bonaparte

This announcement of his departure to his brother is corroborated by a note which he despatched some days after, enumerating the supplies and individuals which he wished to have sent to Egypt.  His note proves, more convincingly than any arguments, that Bonaparte earnestly wished to preserve his conquest, and to make it a French colony.  It must be borne in mind that the note here alluded to, as well as the letter above quoted, was written long before the destruction of the fleet.