of royalty, and never, for example, did the grand chamberlain hand him his shirt; and on one occasion only, when the city of Paris gave him a dinner at the time of his coronation, did the grand marshal hand him water to wash his hands.  I shall give a description of his toilet on the day of his coronation; and it will be seen that even on that day his Majesty, the Emperor of the French, did not require any other ceremonial than that to which he had been accustomed as general and First Consul of the Republic.

The Emperor had no fixed hour for retiring:  sometimes he retired at ten or eleven o’clock in the evening; oftener he stayed awake till two, three, or four o’clock in the morning.  He was soon undressed; for it was his habit, on entering the room, to throw each garment right and left,—­his coat on the floor, his grand cordon on the rug, his watch haphazard at the bed, his hat far off on a piece of furniture; thus with all his clothing, one piece after another.  When he was in a good humor, he called me in a loud voice, with this kind of a cry:  “Ohe, oh! oh!” at other times, when he was not in good humor, “Monsieur, Monsieur Constant!”

At all seasons his bed had to be warmed with a warming-pan, and it was only during the very hottest weather that he would dispense with this.  His habit of undressing himself in haste rarely left me anything to do, except to hand him his night-cap.  I then lighted his night-lamp, which was of gilded silver, and shaded it so that it would give less light.  When he did not go to sleep at once, he had one of his secretaries called, or perhaps the Empress Josephine, to read to him; which duty no one could discharge better than her Majesty, for which reason the Emperor preferred her to all his readers, for she read with that especial charm which was natural to her in all she did.  By order of the Emperor, there was burnt in his bedroom, in little silver perfume-boxes, sometimes aloes wood, and sometimes sugar or vinegar; and almost the year round it was necessary to have a fire in all his apartments, as he was habitually very sensitive to cold.  When he wished to sleep, I returned to take out his lamp, and went up to my own room, my bedroom being just above that of his Majesty.  Roustan and a valet on service slept in a little apartment adjoining the Emperor’s bedroom; and if he needed me during the night, the boy of the wardrobe, who slept in an antechamber, came for me.  Water was always kept hot for his bath, for often at any hour of the night as well as the day he might suddenly be seized with a fancy to take one.

Doctor Yvan appeared every morning and evening, at the rising and retiring of his Majesty.