is the love of home and liberty!  Sure of being shot if they were discovered, almost equally sure of being drowned if they effected their escape, they, nevertheless, resolved to attempt crossing the Channel in their fragile skiff.  Perceiving an English frigate within sight of the coast, they pushed off and endeavoured to reach her.  They had not gone a hundred toises from the shore when they were perceived by the custom-house officers, who set out in pursuit of them, and brought them back again.  The news of this adventure spread through the camp, where the extraordinary courage of the two sailors was the subject of general remark.  The circumstance reached the Emperor’s ears.  He wished to see the men, and they were conducted to his presence, along with their little boat.  Napoleon, whose imagination was struck by everything extraordinary, could not conceal his surprise at so bold a project, undertaken with such feeble means of execution.  “Is it really true,” said the Emperor to them, “that you thought of crossing the sea in this?”—­“Sire,” said they, “if you doubt it, give us leave to go, and you shall see us depart.”—­“I will.  You are bold and enterprising men—­I admire courage wherever I meet it.  But you shall not hazard your lives.  You are at liberty; and more than that, I will cause you to be put on board an English ship.  When you return to London tell how I esteem brave men, even when they are my enemies.”  Rapp, who with Lauriaton, Duroc, and many others were present at this scene, were not a little astonished at the Emperor’s generosity.  If the men had not been brought before him, they would have been shot as spies, instead of which they obtained their liberty, and Napoleon gave several pieces of gold to each.  This circumstance was one of those which made the strongest impression on Napoleon, and he recollected it when at St. Helena, in one of his conversations with M. de Las Casas.

No man was ever so fond of contrasts as Bonaparte.  He liked, above everything, to direct the affairs of war whilst seated in his easy chair, in the cabinet of St. Cloud, and to dictate in the camp his decrees relative to civil administration.  Thus, at the camp of Boulogne, he founded the decennial premiums, the first distribution of which he intended should take place five years afterwards, on the anniversary of the 18th Brumaire, which was an innocent compliment to the date of the foundation of the Consular Republic.  This measure also seemed to promise to the Republican calendar a longevity which it did not attain.  All these little circumstances passed unobserved; but Bonaparte had so often developed to me his theory of the art of deceiving mankind that I knew their true value.  It was likewise at the camp of Boulogne that, by a decree emanating from his individual will, he destroyed the noblest institution of the Republic, the Polytechnic School, by converting it into a purely military academy.  He knew that in that sanctuary of high study a Republican spirit was fostered; and whilst I was with him he had often told me it was necessary that all schools, colleges, and establishments for public instruction should be subject to military discipline.  I frequently endeavoured to controvert this idea, but without success.