[FN#141] In Bresl.  Edit. vi. 198 by misprint “Kutru”:  Chavis and Cazotte have “Kassera.”  In the story of Bihkard we find a P.N.  “Yatru.”

[FN#142] i.e. waylaying travellers, a term which has often occurred.

[FN#143] i.e. the royal favour.

[FN#144] i.e.  When the fated hour came down (from Heaven).

[FN#145] As the Nights have proved in many places, the Asl (origin) of a man is popularly held to influence his conduct throughout life.  So the Jeweller’s wife (vol. ix.) was of servile birth, which accounted for her vile conduct; and reference is hardly necessary to a host of other instances.  We can trace the same idea in the sayings and folk-lore of the West, e.g.  Bon sang ne peut mentir, etc., etc.

[FN#146] i.e.  “What deemest thou he hath done?”

[FN#147] The apodosis wanting “to make thee trust in him?”

[FN#148] In the Braj Bakha dialect of Hindi, we find quoted in the Akhlak-i-Hindi, “Tale of the old Tiger and the Traveller":—­

     Jo jako paryo subhao jae na jio-sun;
     Nim na mitho hoe sichh gur ghio sun.

     Ne’er shall his nature fall a man whate’er that nature be,
     The Nim-tree bitter shall remain though drenched with Gur
               and Ghi.

The Nim (Melia Azadirachta) is the “Persian lilac” whose leaves, intensely bitter, are used as a preventive to poison:  Gur is the Anglo-Indian Jaggeri=raw sugar and Ghi clarified butter.  Roebuck gives the same proverb in Hindostani.

[FN#149] In Chavis and Cazotte “Story of Kaskas; or the Obstinate Man.”  For ill-luck, see Miss Frere’s “Old Deccan Days” (p. 171), and Giles’s “Strange Stories,” &c. (p. 430), where the young lady says to Ma, “You often asked me for money; but on account of your weak luck I hitherto refrained from giving it.”

[FN#150] True to life in the present day, as many a standing hay-rick has shown.

[FN#151] The “Munajjim” is a recognised authority in Egyptian townlets, and in the village republics of Southern India the “Jyoshi” is one of the paid officials.

[FN#152] Arab.  “Amin” sub. and adj.  In India it means a Government employe who collects revenue; in Marocco a commissioner sent by His Sharifian Majesty.

[FN#153] Our older word for divers=Arab “Ghawwasun”:  a single pearl (in the text Jauhar=the Port.  AIjofar) is called “habbah"=grain or seed.

[FN#154] The kindly and generous deed of one Moslem to another, and by no means rare in real life.

[FN#155] “Eunuch,” etymologically meaning chamberlain ( +
     ), a bed-chamber-servant or slave, was presently confined to
castrated men found useful for special purposes, like gelded horses, hounds, and cockerels turned to capons.  Some writers hold that the creation of the semivir or apocopus began as a punishment in Egypt and elsewhere;