One of the most curious incidents of lawlessness with which I had to deal affected an entire State.  The State of Nevada in the year 1907 was gradually drifting into utter governmental impotence and downright anarchy.  The people were at heart all right; but the forces of evil had been permitted to get the upper hand, and for the time being the decent citizens had become helpless to assert themselves either by controlling the greedy corporations on the one hand or repressing the murderous violence of certain lawless labor organizations on the other hand.  The Governor of the State was a Democrat and a Southern man, and in the abstract a strong believer in the doctrine of State’s Rights.  But his experience finally convinced him that he could obtain order only through the intervention of the National Government; and then he went over too far and wished to have the National Government do his police work for him.  In the Rocky Mountain States there had existed for years what was practically a condition of almost constant war between the wealthy mine-owners and the Western Federation of Miners, at whose head stood Messrs. Haywood, Pettibone, and Moyer, who were about that time indicted for the murder of the Governor of Idaho.  Much that was lawless, much that was indefensible, had been done by both sides.  The Legislature of Nevada was in sympathy with, or at least was afraid of not expressing sympathy for, Messrs. Moyer, Haywood, Pettibone, and their associates.  The State was practically without any police, and the Governor had recommended the establishment of a State Constabulary, along the lines of the Texas Rangers; but the Legislature rejected his request.  The Governor reported to me the conditions as follows.  During 1907 the Goldfield mining district became divided into two hostile camps.  Half of the Western Federation of Miners were constantly armed, and arms and ammunition were purchased and kept by the union as a body, while the mine-owners on their side retained large numbers of watchmen and guards who were also armed and always on duty.  In addition to these opposing forces there was, as the Governor reported, an unusually large number of the violent and criminal element, always attracted to a new and booming mining camp.  Under such conditions the civil authorities were practically powerless, and the Governor, being helpless to avert civil war, called on me to keep order.  I accordingly threw in a body of regular troops under General Funston.  These kept order completely, and the Governor became so well satisfied that he thought he would like to have them there permanently!  This seemed to me unhealthy, and on December 28, 1907, I notified him that while I would do my duty, the first need was that the State authorities should do theirs, and that the first step towards this was the assembling of the Legislature.  I concluded my telegram:  “If within five days from receipt of this telegram you shall have issued the necessary notice to convene the