wrote the astonishing child who diverted the leisure of Scott.  Over your Little Nell and your Little Dombey I remain more than usual calm; and probably so do thousands of your most sincere admirers.  But about matter of this kind, and the unsealing of the fountains of tears, who can argue?  Where is taste? where is truth?  What tears are ‘manly, Sir, manly,’ as Fred Bayham has it; and of what lamentations ought we rather to be ashamed? Sunt lacrymae rerum; one has been moved in the cell where Socrates tasted the hemlock; or by the river-banks where Syracusan arrows slew the parched Athenians among the mire and blood; or, in fiction, when Colonel Newcome said Adsum, or over the diary of Clare Doria Forey, or where Aramis laments, with strange tears, the death of Porthos.  But over Dombey (the Son), or Little Nell, one declines to snivel.

When an author deliberately sits down and says, ‘Now, let us have a good cry,’ he poisons the wells of sensibility and chokes, at least in many breasts, the fountain of tears.  Out of ‘Dombey and Son’ there is little we care to remember except the deathless Mr. Toots; just as we forget the melodramatics of ‘Martin Chuzzlewit.’  I have read in that book a score of times; I never see it but I revel in it—­in Pecksniff, and Mrs. Gamp, and the Americans.  But what the plot is all about, what Jonas did, what Montagu Tigg had to make in the matter, what all the pictures with plenty of shading illustrate, I have never been able to comprehend.  In the same way, one of your most thorough-going admirers has allowed (in the licence of private conversation) that ’Ralph Nickleby and Monk are too steep;’ and probably a cultivated taste will always find them a little precipitous.

’Too steep:’—­the slang expresses that defect of an ardent genius, carried above itself, and out of the air we breathe, both in its grotesque and in its gloomy imaginations.  To force the note, to press fantasy too hard, to deepen the gloom with black over the indigo, that was the failing which proved you mortal.  To take an instance in little:  when Pip went to Mr. Pumblechook’s, the boy thought the seedsman ’a very happy man to have so many little drawers in his shop.’  The reflection is thoroughly boyish; but then you add, ’I wondered whether the flower-seeds and bulbs ever wanted of a fine day to break out of those jails and bloom.’  That is not boyish at all; that is the hard-driven, jaded literary fancy at work.

‘So we arraign her; but she,’ the Genius of Charles Dickens, how brilliant, how kindly, how beneficent she is! dwelling by a fountain of laughter imperishable; though there is something of an alien salt in the neighbouring fountain of tears.  How poor the world of fancy would be, how ’dispeopled of her dreams,’ if, in some ruin of the social system, the books of Dickens were lost; and if The Dodger, and Charley Bates, and Mr. Crinkle, and Miss Squeers, and Sam Weller, and Mrs. Gamp, and Dick Swiveller