the man and his wife.  Each board is about 18 inches wide and 4 feet long; they are raised 2 or 3 inches from the earth, and the head of the bed is slightly higher than the foot.  A pole is laid across the apartment at the lower end of the sleeping boards, and on this the occupants rest their feet and toast them before the small fire.  At both ends of the ang-an’, outside the store walls, is a small hidden secret space called “kub-kub,” in which the family hides many of its choice possessions.  During abundant camote[15] gathering, however, I have seen the kub-kub filled with camotes.  I should probably not have discovered these spaces had there not been so great a discrepancy between the inside measure of the sleeping room and width of the building.

I know of no other primitive dwellings in the Philippines than the ones in the Bontoc culture area which are built directly on the ground.  Most of them are raised on posts several feet from the earth.  Some few have side walls extending to the ground, but even those have a floor raised 2, 3, or more feet from the ground and which is reached by means of a short ladder.

The second story of the Bontoc dwelling is supported on the four central posts.  On all sides it projects beyond them, so that it is about 7 feet square; it is about 5 feet high.  A door enters the second story directly from the aisle, and is reached by an 8-foot ladder.  This second story is constructed, floor and side walls, of boards.  The side walls cease at about the height of 2 feet where a horizontal shelf is built on them extending outside of them to the roof.  It is about 2 feet wide and is usually stored with unthreshed rice and millet or with jars of preserved meats.  Just at the left on the floor, as one enters the second story, is an earth-filled square corner walled in by two poles.  On this earth are three stones —­ the fireplace, where each year a chicken is cooked in a household ceremony at the close of rice harvests.

Rising above the second story is a third.  In the smaller dwellings this third story is only an attic of the second, but in the larger buildings it is an independent story.  To be sure, it is entered through the floor, but a ladder is used, and its floor is of strong heavy boards.  It is at all times a storeroom, usually only for cereals.  In the smaller houses it amounts simply to a broad shelf about the height of one’s waist as he stands on the floor of the second story and his head and upper body rise through the hole in the floor.  In the larger houses a person may climb into the third story and work there with practically as much freedom as in the second.