[23] —­ No true cats are known to be indigenous to the Philippines, but the one shown in the plate was a wild mountain animal and was a true cat, not a civet.  Its ancestors may have been domestic.

[24] —­ This estimate was obtained by a primitive surveying outfit as follows: 

A rifle, with a bottle attached used for a liquid level, was sighted from a camera tripod.  A measuring tape attached to the tripod showed the distance of the rifle above the surface of the water.  A surveyor’s tape measured the distance between the tripod and the leveling rod, which also had an attached tape to show the distance of the point sighted above the surface of the water.

I am indebted to Mr. W. F. Smith, American teacher in Bontoc, for assisting me in obtaining these measurements.

The strength of the scaffolding supporting the troughs is suggested by the statement that the troughs were brimming full of swift-running water, while our “surveying” party of four adults, accompanied by half a dozen juvenile Igorot sightseers, weighed about 900 pounds, and was often distributed along in the troughs, which we waded, within a space of 30 feet.

[25] —­ MUNIA JAGORI (Martens).

[26] —­ Mr. Elmer D. Merrill.

[27] —­ Mr. F. A. Thanisch.

[28] —­ Igorrotes, Estudio Geografico y Etnografico sobre algunos Distritos del Norte de Luzon, by R. P. Fr. Angel Perez (Manila), 1902.

[29] —­ This typical Malayan bellows is also found in Siam, and is shown in a half tone from a photograph facing page 186 of Maxwell Somerville’s Siam on the Meinam from the Gulf to Aynthia (London, Sampson Low, Marston & Co., 1897).

There is also a crude woodcut of this bellows printed as fig. 2, Pl.  XIV, in The Journal of the Anthropological Institute of Great Britain and Ireland, vol.  XXII.  With the illustration is the information that the bellows is found in Assam, Salwin, Sumatra, Java, Philippines, and Madagascar.

[30] —­ It is believed to be either a porcelain (PORCELANA) or a Spider (MAIOIDEA) crab.

[31] —­ Analysis made for this study by Bureau of Government Laboratories, Manila, P.I., February 21, 1903.

[32] —­ Charles A. Goessmann in Universal Cyclopaedia, vol.  X (1900), p. 274.

[33] —­ The Natives of Sarawak and British North Borneo (2 vols., London, 1896); pp. 140 —­ 174, vol.  II.

[34] —­ A party, consisting of the Secretary of the Interior for the Philippine Islands, Hon. Dean C. Worcester; the governor and lieutenant-governor of Lepanto-Bontoc, William Dinwiddie and Truman K. Hunt, respectively; Captain Chas. Nathorst of the Constabulary, and the writer, was in Banawi in time to witness the procession and burial but not the previous ceremonies at the dwelling.

[35] —­ See also the story, “Who took my father’s head?” Chapter IX, p 225.

[36] —­ The bird called “co-ling’” by the Bontoc Igorot is the serpent eagle (SPILOMIS HOLOSPLILUS Vigors).  It seems to be found in no section of Bontoc Province except near Bontoc pueblo.