Affairs in Transylvania did not mend even after the capture of Regall, and of the three Turks’ heads, and the destruction of so many villages.  This fruitful and strong country was the prey of faction, and became little better than a desert under the ravages of the contending armies.  The Emperor Rudolph at last determined to conquer the country for himself, and sent Busca again with a large army.  Sigismund finding himself poorly supported, treated again with the Emperor and agreed to retire to Silicia on a pension.  But the Earl Moyses, seeing no prospect of regaining his patrimony, and determining not to be under subjection to the Germans, led his troops against Busca, was defeated, and fled to join the Turks.  Upon this desertion the Prince delivered up all he had to Busca and retired to Prague.  Smith himself continued with the imperial party, in the regiment of Earl Meldritch.  About this time the Sultan sent one Jeremy to be vaivode of Wallachia, whose tyranny caused the people to rise against him, and he fled into Moldavia.  Busca proclaimed Lord Rodoll vaivode in his stead.  But Jeremy assembled an army of forty thousand Turks, Tartars, and Moldavians, and retired into Wallachia.  Smith took active part in Rodoll’s campaign to recover Wallachia, and narrates the savage war that ensued.  When the armies were encamped near each other at Raza and Argish, Rodoll cut off the heads of parties he captured going to the Turkish camp, and threw them into the enemy’s trenches.  Jeremy retorted by skinning alive the Christian parties he captured, hung their skins upon poles, and their carcasses and heads on stakes by them.  In the first battle Rodoll was successful and established himself in Wallachia, but Jeremy rallied and began ravaging the country.  Earl Meldritch was sent against him, but the Turks’ force was much superior, and the Christians were caught in a trap.  In order to reach Rodoll, who was at Rottenton, Meldritch with his small army was obliged to cut his way through the solid body of the enemy.  A device of Smith’s assisted him.  He covered two or three hundred trunks—­probably small branches of trees—­with wild-fire.  These fixed upon the heads of lances and set on fire when the troops charged in the night, so terrified the horses of the Turks that they fled in dismay.  Meldritch was for a moment victorious, but when within three leagues of Rottenton he was overpowered by forty thousand Turks, and the last desperate fight followed, in which nearly all the friends of the Prince were slain, and Smith himself was left for dead on the field.

On this bloody field over thirty thousand lay headless, armless, legless, all cut and mangled, who gave knowledge to the world how dear the Turk paid for his conquest of Transylvania and Wallachia—­a conquest that might have been averted if the three Christian armies had been joined against the “cruel devouring Turk.”  Among the slain were many Englishmen, adventurers like the valiant Captain whom Smith names,