women kneeling there, with their baskets beside them.  I happen along there at sundown; and there are a score of women kneeling on the hard stones, outside the railing saying their prayers in loud voices.  The mass of flowers is still sweet and gay and fresh; a fountain with fantastic figures is flashing near by; the crowd, going home to supper and beer, gives no heed to the praying; the stolid droschke-drivers stand listlessly by.  At the head of the square is an artillery station, and a row of cannon frowns on it.  On one side is a house with a tablet in the wall, recording the fact that Gustavus Adolphus of Sweden once lived in it.

When we came to Munich, the great annual fair was in progress; and the large Maximilian Platz (not to be confounded with the street of that name) was filled with booths of cheap merchandise, puppet-shows, lottery shanties, and all sorts of popular amusements.  It was a fine time to study peasant costumes.  The city was crowded with them on Sunday; and let us not forget that the first visit of the peasants was to the churches; they invariably attended early mass before they set out upon the day’s pleasure.  Most of the churches have services at all hours till noon, some of them with fine classical and military music.  One could not but be struck with the devotional manner of the simple women, in their queer costumes, who walked into the gaudy edifices, were absorbed in their prayers for an hour, and then went away.  I suppose they did not know how odd they looked in their high, round fur hats, or their fantastic old ornaments, nor that there was anything amiss in bringing their big baskets into church with them.  At least, their simple, unconscious manner was better than that of many of the city people, some of whom stare about a good deal, while going through the service, and stop in the midst of crossings and genuflections to take snuff and pass it to their neighbors.  But there are always present simple and homelike sort of people, who neither follow the fashions nor look round on them; respectable, neat old ladies, in the faded and carefully preserved silk gowns, such as the New England women wear to “meeting.”

No one can help admiring the simplicity, kindliness, and honesty of the Germans.  The universal courtesy and friendliness of manner have a very different seeming from the politeness of the French.  At the hotels in the country, the landlord and his wife and the servant join in hoping you will sleep well when you go to bed.  The little maid at Heidelberg who served our meals always went to the extent of wishing us a good appetite when she had brought in the dinner.  Here in Munich the people we have occasion to address in the street are uniformly courteous.  The shop-keepers are obliging, and rarely servile, like the English.  You are thanked, and punctiliously wished the good-day, whether you purchase anything or not.  In shops tended by women, gentlemen invariably remove their hats.  If you buy only a kreuzer’s worth