the good humour which marked its outset.  A fiercer feeling had been engendered on both sides by the long strain, but the execution of rebels by the British, though much to be deplored, is still recognised as one of the rights of a belligerent.  When one remembers the condonation upon the part of the British of the use of their own uniforms by the Boers, of the wholesale breaking of paroles, of the continual use of expansive bullets, of the abuse of the pass system and of the red cross, it is impossible to blame them for showing some severity in the stamping out of armed rebellion within their own Colony.  If stern measures were eventually adopted it was only after extreme leniency had been tried and failed.  The loss of five years’ franchise as a penalty for firing upon their own flag is surely the most gentle correction which an Empire ever laid upon a rebellious people.

At the beginning of August the connected systematic work of French’s columns began to tell.  In a huge semicircle the British were pushing north, driving the guerillas in front of them.  Scheepers in his usual wayward fashion had broken away to the south, but the others had been unable to penetrate the cordon and were herded over the Stormberg to Naauwport line.  The main body of the Boers was hustled swiftly along from August 7th to August 10th, from Graaf-Reinet to Thebus, and thrust over the railway line at that point with some loss of men and a great shedding of horses.  It was hoped that the blockhouses on the railroad would have held the enemy, but they slipped across by night and got into the Steynsburg district, where Gorringe’s colonials took up the running.  On August 18th he followed the commandos from Steynsburg to Venterstad, killing twenty of them and taking several prisoners.  On the 15th, Kritzinger with the main body of the invaders passed the Orange River near Bethulie, and made his way to the Wepener district of the Orange River Colony.  Scheepers, Lotter, Lategan, and a few small wandering bands were the only Boers left in the Colony, and to these the British columns now turned their attention, with the result that Lategan, towards the end of the month, was also driven over the river.  For the time, at least, the situation seemed to have very much improved, but there was a drift of Boers over the north-western frontier, and the long-continued warfare at their own doors was undoubtedly having a dangerous effect upon the Dutch farmers.  Small successes from time to time, such as the taking of sixty of French’s Scouts by Theron’s commando on August 10th, served to keep them from despair.  Of the guerilla bands which remained, the most important was that of Scheepers, which now numbered 300 men, well mounted and supplied.  He had broken back through the cordon, and made for his old haunts in the south-west.  Theron, with a smaller band, was also in the Uniondale and Willowmore district, approaching close to the sea in the Mossel Bay direction, but being headed off by Kavanagh.  Scheepers turned in the direction of Cape Town, but swerved aside at Montagu, and moved northwards towards Touws River.