On May 10th Lord Roberts’s force, which had halted for three days at Smaldeel, moved onwards to Welgelegen.  French’s cavalry had come up by road, and quickly strengthened the centre and left wing of the army.  On the morning of the 10th the invaders found themselves confronted by a formidable position which the Boers had taken up on the northern bank of the Sand River.  Their army extended over twenty miles of country, the two Bothas were in command, and everything pointed to a pitched battle.  Had the position been rushed from the front, there was every material for a second Colenso, but the British had learned that it was by brains rather than by blood that such battles may be won.  French’s cavalry turned the Boers on one side, and Bruce Hamilton’s infantry on the other.  Theoretically we never passed the Boer flanks, but practically their line was so over-extended that we were able to pierce it at any point.  There was never any severe fighting, but rather a steady advance upon the British side and a steady retirement upon that of the Boers.  On the left the Sussex regiment distinguished itself by the dash with which it stormed an important kopje.  The losses were slight, save among a detached body of cavalry which found itself suddenly cut off by a strong force of the enemy and lost Captain Elworthy killed, and Haig of the Inniskillings, Wilkinson of the Australian Horse, and twenty men prisoners.  We also secured forty or fifty prisoners, and the enemy’s casualties amounted to about as many more.  The whole straggling action fought over a front as broad as from London to Woking cost the British at the most a couple of hundred casualties, and carried their army over the most formidable defensive position which they were to encounter.  The war in its later phases certainly has the pleasing characteristic of being the most bloodless, considering the number of men engaged and the amount of powder burned, that has been known in history.  It was at the expense of their boots and not of their lives that the infantry won their way.

On May 11th Lord Roberts’s army advanced twenty miles to Geneva Siding, and every preparation was made for a battle next day, as it was thought certain that the Boers would defend their new capital, Kroonstad.  It proved, however, that even here they would not make a stand, and on May 12th, at one o’clock, Lord Roberts rode into the town.  Steyn, Botha, and De Wet escaped, and it was announced that the village of Lindley had become the new seat of government.  The British had now accomplished half their journey to Pretoria, and it was obvious that on the south side of the Vaal no serious resistance awaited them.  Burghers were freely surrendering themselves with their arms, and returning to their farms.  In the south-east Rundle and Brabant were slowly advancing, while the Boers who faced them fell back towards Lindley.  On the west, Hunter had crossed the Vaal at Windsorton, and Barton’s Fusilier Brigade had fought a sharp