the Pauper’ made him essentially that, for by the terms of it he agreed to supply all the money for the making of the book, and to pay Osgood a royalty of seven and one-half per cent. for selling it, reversing the usual conditions.  The contract for the Library of Humor was to be a similar one, though in this case Osgood was to have a larger royalty return, and to share proportionately in the expense and risk.  Mark Twain was entering into a field where he did not belong; where in the end he would harvest only disaster and regret.

One curious project came to an end in 1881—­the plan for a monument to Adam.  In a sketch written a great many years later Mark Twain tells of the memorial which the Rev. Thomas K. Beecher and himself once proposed to erect to our great common ancestor.  The story is based on a real incident.  Clemens, in Elmira one day (it was October, 1879), heard of a jesting proposal made by F. G. Hall to erect a monument in Elmira to Adam.  The idea promptly caught Mark Twain’s fancy.  He observed to Beecher that the human race really showed a pretty poor regard for its great progenitor, who was about to be deposed by Darwin’s simian, not to pay him the tribute of a single monument.  Mankind, he said, would probably accept the monkey ancestor, and in time the very name of Adam would be forgotten.  He declared Mr. Hall’s suggestion to be a sound idea.

Beecher agreed that there were many reasons why a monument should be erected to Adam, and suggested that a subscription be started for the purpose.  Certain business men, seeing an opportunity for advertising the city, took the matter semi-seriously, and offered to contribute large sums in the interest of the enterprise.  Then it was agreed that Congress should be petitioned to sanction the idea exclusively to Elmira, prohibiting the erection of any such memorial elsewhere.  A document to this effect was prepared, headed by F. G. Hall, and signed by other leading citizens of Elmira, including Beecher himself.  General Joe Hawley came along just then on a political speech-making tour.  Clemens introduced him, and Hawley, in turn, agreed to father the petition in Congress.  What had begun merely as pleasantry began to have a formidable look.

But alas! in the end Hawley’s courage had failed him.  He began to hate his undertaking.  He was afraid of the national laugh it would arouse, the jeers of the newspapers.  It was certain to leak out that Mark Twain was behind it, in spite of the fact that his name nowhere appeared; that it was one of his colossal jokes.  Now and then, in the privacy of his own room at night, Hawley would hunt up the Adam petition and read it and feel the cold sweat breaking out.  He postponed the matter from one session to another till the summer of 1881, when he was about to sail for Europe.  Then he gave the document to his wife, to turn over to Clemens, and ignominiously fled.

[For text of the petition in full, etc., see Appendix P, at the end of last volume.]