But if it was a time of joy for the Protestants, it was a time of humiliation for the Catholics.  “Certainly,” says a contemporary historian, “it was a very surprising thing, and quite a novelty, to see in a province like Languedoc, where so many troops were quartered, such a large number of villains—­all murderers, incendiaries, and guilty of sacrilege—­gathered together in one place by permission of those in command of the troops; tolerated in their eccentricities, fed at the public expense, flattered by everyone, and courteously, received by people sent specially to meet them.”

One of those who was most indignant at this state of things was M. de Baville.  He was so eager to put an end to it that he went to see the governor, and told him the scandal was becoming too great in his opinion:  the assemblies ought to be put an end to by allowing the troops to fall upon them and disperse them; but the governor thought quite otherwise, and told Baville that to act according to his advice would be to set fire to the province again and to scatter for ever people whom they had got together with such difficulty.  In any case, he reminded Baville that what he objected to would be over in a few days.  His opinion was that de Baville might stifle the expression of his dissatisfaction for a little, to bring about a great good.  “More than that,” added the marechal, “the impatience of the priests is most ridiculous.  Besides your remonstrances, of which I hope I have now heard the last, I have received numberless letters full of such complaints that it would seem as if the prayers of the Camisards not only grated on the ears of the clergy but flayed them alive.  I should like above everything to find out the writers of these letters, in order to have them flogged; but they have taken good care to put no signatures.  I regard it as a very great impertinence for those who caused these disturbances to grumble and express their disapproval at my efforts to bring them to an end.”  After this speech, M, de Baville saw there was nothing for him to do but to let things take their course.

The course that they took turned Cavalier’s head more and more; for thanks to the injunctions of M. de Villars, all the orders that Cavalier gave were obeyed as if they had been issued by the governor himself.  He had a court like a prince, lieutenants like a general, and secretaries like a statesman.  It was the duty of one secretary to give leave of absence to those Camisards who had business to attend to or who desired to visit their relations.  The following is a copy of the form used for these passports: 

“We, the undersigned, secretary to Brother Cavalier, generalissimo of the Huguenots, permit by this order given by him to absent himself on business for three days. 
                                   “(Signed) Dupont. 
“Calvisson, this——­”

And these safe-conducts were as much respected as if they had been signed “Marechal de Villars.”