The revolt seemed to be at an end and peace established.  So the marechal was recalled to court, and left Nimes on January the 6th.  Before his departure he received the States of Languedoc, who bestowed on him not only the praise which was his due for having tempered severity with mercy, but also a purse of 12,000 livres, while a sum of 8000 livres was presented to his wife.  But all this was only a prelude to the favours awaiting him at court.  On the day he returned to Paris the king decorated him with all the royal orders and created him a duke.  On the following day he received him, and thus addressed him:  “Sir, your past services lead me to expect much of those you will render me in the future.  The affairs of my kingdom would be better conducted if I had several Villars at my disposal.  Having only one, I must always send him where he is most needed.  It was for that reason I sent you to Languedoc.  You have, while there, restored tranquillity to my subjects, you must now defend them against their enemies; for I shall send you to command my army on the Moselle in the next campaign.”

The, Duke of Berwick arrived at Montpellier on the 17th March to replace Marechal Villars.  His first care was to learn from M. de Baville the exact state of affairs.  M. de Baville told him that they were not at all settled as they appeared to be on the surface.  In fact, England and Holland, desiring nothing so much as that an intestine war should waste France, were making unceasing efforts to induce the exiles to return home, promising that this time they would really support them by lending arms, ammunition, and men, and it was said that some were already on their way back, among the number Castanet.

And indeed the late rebel chief, tired of inaction, had left Geneva in the end of February, and arrived safely at Vivarais.  He had held a religious meeting in a cave near La Goree, and had drawn to his side Valette of Vals and Boyer of Valon.  Just as the three had determined to penetrate into the Cevennes, they were denounced by some peasants before a Swiss officer named Muller, who was in command of a detachment of troops in the village of Riviere.  Muller instantly mounted his horse, and guided by the informers made his way into the little wood in which the Camisards had taken refuge, and fell upon them quite unexpectedly.  Boyer was killed in trying to escape; Castanet was taken and brought to the nearest prison, where he was joined the next day by Valette, who had also been betrayed by some peasants whom he had asked for assistance.

The first punishment inflicted on Castanet was, that he was compelled to carry in his hand the head of Boyer all the way from La Goree to Montpellier.  He protested vehemently at first, but in vain:  it was fastened to his wrist by the hair; whereupon he kissed it on both cheeks, and went through the ordeal as if it were a religious act, addressing words of prayer to the head as he might have done to a relic of a martyr.