another great parliamentary leader was placed in a very similar situation.  The younger William Pitt held in 1784 the same offices which Montague had held in 1698.  Pitt was pressed in 1784 by political difficulties not less than those with which Montague had contended in 1698.  Pitt was also in 1784 a much poorer man than Montague in 1698.  Pitt, in 1784, like Montage in 1698, had at his own absolute disposal a lucrative sinecure place in the Exchequer.  Pitt gave away the office which would have made him an opulent man, and gave it away in such a manner as at once to reward unfortunate merit, and to relieve the country from a burden.  For this disinterestedness he was repaid by the enthusiastic applause of his followers, by the enforced respect of his opponents, and by the confidence which, through all the vicissitudes of a chequered and at length disastrous career, the great body of Englishmen reposed in his public spirit and in his personal integrity.  In the intellectual qualities of a statesman Montague was probably not inferior to Pitt.  But the magnanimity, the dauntless courage, the contempt for riches and for baubles, to which, more than to any intellectual quality, Pitt owed his long ascendency, were wanting to Montague.

The faults of Montague were great; but his punishment was cruel.  It was indeed a punishment which must have been more bitter than the bitterness of death to a man whose vanity was exquisitely sensitive, and who had been spoiled by early and rapid success and by constant prosperity.  Before the new Parliament had been a month sitting it was plain that his empire was at an end.  He spoke with the old eloquence; but his speeches no longer called forth the old response.  Whatever he proposed was maliciously scrutinised.  The success of his budget of the preceding year had surpassed all expectation.  The two millions which he had undertaken to find had been raised with a rapidity which seemed magical.  Yet for bringing the riches of the City, in an unprecedented flood, to overflow the Exchequer he was reviled as if his scheme had failed more ludicrously than the Tory Land Bank.  Emboldened by his unpopularity, the Old East India Company presented a petition praying that the General Society Act, which his influence and eloquence had induced the late Parliament to pass, might be extensively modified.  Howe took the matter up.  It was moved that leave should be given to bring in a bill according to the prayer of the petition; the motion was carried by a hundred and seventy-five votes to a hundred and forty-eight; and the whole question of the trade with the Eastern seas was reopened.  The bill was brought in, but was, with great difficulty and by a very small majority, thrown out on the second reading.17 On other financial questions Montague, so lately the oracle of the Committee of Supply, was now heard with malevolent distrust.  If his enemies were unable to detect any flaw in his reasonings and calculations, they could at least whisper that Mr.