already too rich, still richer. It was evident
that on that question the Lords could not hope to
have the country with them, and that, if a general
election took place while that question was unsettled,
the new House of Commons would be even more mutinous
and impracticable than the present House. Somers,
in his sick chamber, had given this opinion.
Orford had voted for the bill in every stage.
Montague, though no longer a minister, had obtained
admission to the royal closet, and had strongly represented
to the King the dangers which threatened the state.
The King had at length consented to let it be understood
that he considered the passing of the bill as on the
whole the less of two great evils. It was soon
clear that the temper of the Peers had undergone a
considerable alteration since the preceding day.
Scarcely any, indeed, changed sides. But not
a few abstained from voting. Wharton, who had
at first spoken powerfully for the amendments, left
town for Newmarket. On the other hand, some Lords
who had not yet taken their part came down to give
a healing vote. Among them were the two persons
to whom the education of the young heir apparent had
been entrusted, Marlborough and Burnet. Marlborough
showed his usual prudence. He had remained neutral
while by taking a part he must have offended either
the House of Commons or the King. He took a part
as soon as he saw that it was possible to please both.
Burnet, alarmed for the public peace, was in a state
of great excitement, and, as was usual with him when
in such a state, forgot dignity and decorum, called
out “stuff” in a very audible voice while
a noble Lord was haranguing in favour of the amendments,
and was in great danger of being reprimanded at the
bar or delivered over to Black Rod. The motion
on which the division took place was that the House
do adhere to the amendments. There were forty
contents and thirty-seven not contents. Proxies
were called; and the numbers were found to be exactly
even. In the House of Lords there is no casting
vote. When the numbers are even, the non contents
have it. The motion to adhere had therefore been
negatived. But this was not enough. It was
necessary that an affirmative resolution should be
moved to the effect that the House agreed to the bill
without amendments; and, if the numbers should again
be equal, this motion would also be lost. It
was an anxious moment. Fortunately the Primate’s
heart failed him. He had obstinately fought the
battle down to the last stage. But he probably
felt that it was no light thing to take on himself,
and to bring on his order, the responsibility of throwing
the whole kingdom into confusion. He started
up and hurried out of the House, beckoning to some
of his brethren. His brethren followed him with
a prompt obedience, which, serious as the crisis was,
caused no small merriment. In consequence of
this defection, the motion to agree was carried by
a majority of five. Meanwhile the members of the
other House had been impatiently waiting for news,