during more than a year to be Secretary of State; but another Secretary was appointed, who was to reside near the King, and to have the chief direction of affairs.  The new Prime Minister for Scotland was the able, eloquent and accomplished Sir John Dalrymple.  His father, the Lord President of the Court of Session, had lately been raised to the peerage by the title of Viscount Stair; and Sir John Dalrymple was consequently, according to the ancient usage of Scotland, designated as the Master of Stair.  In a few months Melville resigned his secretaryship, and accepted an office of some dignity and emolument, but of no political importance.204

The Lowlands of Scotland were, during the year which followed the parliamentary session of 1690, as quiet as they had ever been within the memory of man; but the state of the Highlands caused much anxiety to the government.  The civil war in that wild region, after it had ceased to flame, had continued during some time to smoulder.  At length, early in the year 1691, the rebel chiefs informed the Court of Saint Germains that, pressed as they were on every side, they could hold out no longer without succour from France.  James had sent them a small quantity of meal, brandy and tobacco, and had frankly told them that he could do nothing more.  Money was so scarce among them that six hundred pounds sterling would have been a most acceptable addition to their funds, but even such a sum he was unable to spare.  He could scarcely, in such circumstances, expect them to defend his cause against a government which had a regular army and a large revenue.  He therefore informed them that he should not take it ill of them if they made their peace with the new dynasty, provided always that they were prepared to rise in insurrection as soon as he should call on them to do so.205

Meanwhile it had been determined at Kensington, in spite of the opposition of the Master of Stair, to try the plan which Tarbet had recommended two years before, and which, if it had been tried when he recommended it, would probably have prevented much bloodshed and confusion.  It was resolved that twelve or fifteen thousand pounds should be laid out in quieting the Highlands.  This was a mass of treasure which to an inhabitant of Appin or Lochaber seemed almost fabulous, and which indeed bore a greater proportion to the income of Keppoch or Glengarry than fifteen hundred thousand pounds bore to the income of Lord Bedford or Lord Devonshire.  The sum was ample; but the King was not fortunate in the choice of an agent.206

John Earl of Breadalbane, the head of a younger branch of the great House of Campbell, ranked high among the petty princes of the mountains.  He could bring seventeen hundred claymores into the field; and, ten years before the Revolution, he had actually marched into the Lowlands with this great force for the purpose of supporting the prelatical tyranny.207 In those days he had affected zeal for monarchy and