12/2 “Bello contra foedus suscepto.”

12/3 Livy, VIII. 39:  “Vir...haud dubie proximarum induciarum ruptor.  De eo coacti referre praetores decretum fecerunt ’Ut Brutulus Papius Romanis dederetur."...Fetiales Romam, ut censuerunt, missi, et corpus Brutuli exanime:  ipse morte voluntaria ignominiae se ac supplicio subtraxit.  Placuit cum corpore bona quoque ejus dedi.”  Cf.  Zonaras, VII. 26, ed.  Niebuhr, vol. 43, p. 97:  [Greek characters].  See further Livy, V. 36, “postulatumque ut pro jure gentium violato Fabii dederentur,” and Ib.  I. 32.

13/1 Livy, IX. 5, 8, 9, 10.  “Nam quod deditione nostra negant exsolvi religione populum, id istos magis ne dedantur, quam quia ita se res habeat, dicere, quis adeo juris fetialium expers est, qui ignoret?” The formula of surrender was as follows:  “Quandoque hisce homines injussu populi Romani Quiritium foedus ictum iri spoponderunt, atque ob eam rem noxam nocuerunt; ob eam rem, quo populus Romanus scelere impio sit solutus, hosce homines vobis dedo.”  Cf.  Zonaras, VII. 26, ed.  Niebuhr, vol. 43, pp. 98, 99.

13/2 De Orator.  I. 40, and elsewhere.  It is to be noticed that Florus, in his account, says deditione Mancini expiavit.  Epitome, II. 18.  It has already been observed that the cases mentioned by Livy seem to suggest that the object of the surrender was expiation, as much as they do that it was satisfaction of a contract.  Zonaras says, Postumius and Calvinus [Greek characters]. (VII. 26, ed.  Niebuhr, Vol. 43, pp. 98, 99.) Cf. ib. p. 97.  Compare Serv. ad Virg.  Eclog.  IV. 43:  “In legibus Numae cautum est, ut si quis imprudens occidisset hominem pro capite occisi et natis [agnatis?  Huschke] ejus in concione offerret arietem.”  Id.  Geor.  III. 387, and Festus, Subici, Subigere.  But cf.  Wordsworth’s Fragments and Specimens of Early Latin, note to XII Tab., XII. 2, p. 538.

14/1 D. 9. 4. 2

14/2 2 Tissot, Droit Penal, 615; 1 Ihering, Geist d.  Roem.  R., Section 14; 4 id.  Section 63.

14/3 Aul.  Gell.  Noctes Attici, 20. 1; Quintil.  Inst.  Orat. 3. 6. 84; Tertull.  Apol., c. 4.

14/4 Cf.  Varro, De Lingua Latina, VI.:  “Liber, qui suas operas in servitute pro pecunia, quam debeat, dum solveret Nexus vocatur.”

15/1 D. 9. 1. 1, Section 9 But cf. 1 Hale, P.C. 420.

15/2 D. 9. 4. 2, Section 1.

15/3 D. 9. 1. 1, Sections 4, 5.

16/1 D. 4. 9. 1, Section 1; ib. 7, Section 4.

16/2 Gaius in D. 44. 7. 5, Section 6; Just.  Inst. 4. 5, Section 3.

16/3 D. 4. 9. 7, pr.

17/1 See Austin, Jurisp. (3d ed.) 513; Doctor and Student, Dial. 2, ch. 42.

17/2 Cf.  L. Burgund.  XVIII.; L. Rip.  XLVI. (al. 48).

17/3 See the word Lege, Merkel, Lex Salica, p. 103.  Cf.  Wilda, Strafrecht der Germanen, 660, n. 1.  See further Lex Salica, XL.; Pactus pro tenore pacis Child. et Chloth., c. 5; Decretio Chlotharii, c. 5; Edictus Hilperichi, cc. 5, 7; and the observations of Sohm in his treatise on the Procedure of the Salic Law, Sections 20, 22, 27, French Tr. (Thevenin), pp. 83 n., 93, 94, 101-103, 130.