He was soon convinced, by a still stronger proof, that, though he had not exactly offended his master or his colleagues in the Cabinet, he had ceased to enjoy their confidence.  The result of the general election had been decidedly unfavourable to the Government; and Shaftesbury impatiently expected the day when the Houses were to meet.  The King, guided by the advice of the inner Cabinet, determined on a step of the highest importance.  He told the Council that he had resolved to prorogue the new Parliament for a year, and requested them not to object; for he had, he said, considered the subject fully, and had made up his mind.  All who were not in the secret were thunderstruck, Temple as much as any.  Several members rose, and entreated to be heard against the prorogation.  But the King silenced them, and declared that his resolution was unalterable.  Temple, much hurt at the manner in which both himself and the Council had been treated, spoke with great spirit.  He would not, he said, disobey the King by objecting to a measure an which his Majesty was determined to hear no argument; but he would most earnestly entreat his Majesty, if the present Council was incompetent to give advice, to dissolve it and select another; for it was absurd to have counsellors who did not counsel, and who were summoned only to be silent witnesses of the acts of others.  The King listened courteously.  But the members of the Cabinet resented this reproof highly; and from that day Temple was almost as much estranged from them as from Shaftesbury.

He wished to retire altogether from business.  But just at this time Lord Russell, Lord Cavendish, and some other counsellors of the popular party, waited on the King in a body, declared their strong disapprobation of his measures, and requested to be excused from attending any more at council.  Temple feared that if, at this moment, he also were to withdraw, he might be supposed to act in concert with those decided opponents of the Court, and to have determined on taking a course hostile to the Government.  He, therefore, continued to go occasionally to the board; but he had no longer any real share in the direction of public affairs.

At length the long term of the prorogation expired.  In October 1680, the Houses met; and the great question of the Exclusion was revived.  Few parliamentary contests in our history appear to have called forth a greater display of talent; none certainly ever called forth more violent passions.  The whole nation was convulsed by party spirit.  The gentlemen of every county, the traders of every town, the boys of every public school, were divided into exclusionists and abhorrers.  The book-stalls were covered with tracts on the sacredness of hereditary right, on the omnipotence of Parliament, on the dangers of a disputed succession, on the dangers of a Popish reign.  It was in the midst of this ferment that Temple took his seat, for the first time, in the House of Commons.