(3) See the account of this visit of Sakra in M. B., pp. 288-290.  It is from Hardy that we are able to complete here the name of the musician, which appears in Fa-hien as only Pancha, or “Five.”  His harp or lute, we are told, was “twelve miles long.”

(4) Hardy (M.  B., pp. 288, 289) makes the subjects only thirteen, which are still to be found in one of the Sutras ("the Dik-Sanga, in the Sakra-prasna Sutra").  Whether it was Sakra who wrote his questions, or Buddha who wrote the answers, depends on the punctuation.  It seems better to make Sakra the writer.

   (5) Or Nalanda; identified with the present Baragong.  A grand
   monastery was subsequently built at it, famous by the residence for
   five years of Hsuan-chwang.

   (6) See chap. xvi, note 11.  There is some doubt as to the statement
   that Nala was his birthplace.

(7) The city of “Royal Palaces;” “the residence of the Magadha kings from Bimbisara to Asoka, the first metropolis of Buddhism, at the foot of the Gridhrakuta mountains.  Here the first synod assembled within a year after Sakyamuni’s death.  Its ruins are still extant at the village of Rajghir, sixteen miles S.W. of Behar, and form an object of pilgrimage to the Jains (E.  H., p. 100).”  It is called New Rajagriha to distinguish it from Kusagarapura, a few miles from it, the old residence of the kings.  Eitel says it was built by Bimbisara, while Fa-hien ascribes it to Ajatasatru.  I suppose the son finished what the father had begun.

(8) One of the five first followers of Sakyamuni.  He is also called Asvajit; in Pali Assaji; but Asvajit seems to be a military title= “Master or trainer of horses.”  The two more famous disciples met him, not to lead him, but to be directed by him, to Buddha.  See Sacred Books of the East, vol. xiii, Vinaya Texts, pp. 144-147.

(9) One of the six Tirthyas (Tirthakas="erroneous teachers;” M. B., pp. 290-292, but I have not found the particulars of the attempts on Buddha’s life referred to by Fa-hien), or Brahmanical opponents of Buddha.  He was an ascetic, one of the Jnati clan, and is therefore called Nirgranthajnati.  He taught a system of fatalism, condemned the use of clothes, and thought he could subdue all passions by fasting.  He had a body of followers, who called themselves by his name (Eitel, pp. 84, 85), and were the forerunners of the Jains.

   (10) The king was moved to this by Devadatta.  Of course the elephant
   disappointed them, and did homage to Sakyamuni.  See Sacred Books of
   the East, vol. xx, Vinaya Texts, p. 247.

(11) See chap. xxv, note 3.  Jivaka was Ambapali’s son by king Bimbisara, and devoted himself to the practice of medicine.  See the account of him in the Sacred Books of the East, vol. xvii, Vinaya Texts, pp. 171-194.

CHAPTER XXIX